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急性肾衰是急骤发生的早期以少尿为主要特征并引起尿毒症的临床综合征.其病理生理改变除水中毒和代谢产物的潴留外还易产生代谢性酸中毒和电解质紊乱。高钾是急性肾衰中最严重的并发症,K~+对心肌起抑制作用。高 K~+使心脏停搏于舒张期而死亡。在少尿期一周内死亡的病例除肺水肿心衰外大多为高血钾所致,据统计因高血钾致死者占5%.如同时伴代谢性酸中毒使 K~+由细胞内向细胞外逸出,则更加重心肌的毒性,此外低血钠和低血钙亦能加重高血钾对心肌的毒性作用。血 K~+超过9mmol/L 时有危及生命的危险,应控制在6mmol/L 以下.本文就急性肾衰治疗中某些药物对血钾浓度的影响,总结归纳如下:
Acute renal failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by oliguria as the main characteristic and uremia caused by the rapid onset of acute renal failure, and its pathophysiological changes are also likely to produce metabolic acidosis and electrolyte imbalance in addition to water poisoning and retention of metabolites. High potassium is the most serious complication of acute renal failure, K ~ + inhibition of the heart. High K ~ + to cardiac arrest in the diastolic and death. In the oliguric period of death within a week except for pulmonary edema, heart failure are mostly due to hyperkalemia, according to statistics, caused by hyperkalemia accounted for 5% of death.It is accompanied by metabolic acidosis so that K ~ from the cells to the cells Out of the more serious myocardial toxicity, in addition to hyponatremia and hypocalcemia can also increase hyperkalemia on myocardial toxicity. Blood K ~ + more than 9mmol / L life-threatening when the risk should be controlled at 6mmol / L. In this paper, the treatment of acute renal failure of certain drugs on serum potassium concentration, summarized as follows: