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研究比较了５种氮肥对铅锌矿尾矿污染区土壤中Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ和Ｃｕ溶出的影响，讨论了它们对重金属溶出的机制，结合盆栽试验中水稻幼苗吸收重金属的相关性分析表明：５种氮肥对土壤中重金属的溶出有不同影响，且与氮肥的浓度有关。其中ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３，（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４对Ｚｎ和Ｃｕ的溶出，ＮＨ４Ｃｌ和（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４对Ｃｄ的溶出均有较大的促进作用，而１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４，ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３，ＮＨ４Ｃｌ，（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４对Ｐｂ的溶出有抑制作用。不同铵盐对植物吸收重金属有不同的影响，且与土壤重金属的溶出并不一定呈正相关
The effects of five nitrogen fertilizers on the dissolution of Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu in soils polluted by lead-zinc mine tailings were studied and compared. The mechanism of their dissolution on heavy metals was discussed. The correlation analysis of heavy metal absorption by rice seedlings in pot experiment showed that: The five nitrogen fertilizers have different effects on the dissolution of heavy metals in soil, and are related to the concentration of nitrogen fertilizer. Among them, NH4HCO3 and (NH4) 2HPO4 have a great effect on the dissolution of Zn and Cu, and NH4Cl and (NH4) 2HPO4 have a great effect on the dissolution of Cd, while 10-2mol / L of (NH4) 2HPO4, NH4HCO3, NH4Cl, ) 2SO4 inhibit the dissolution of Pb. Different ammonium salts have different effects on plant uptake of heavy metals, and are not necessarily positively correlated with the dissolution of heavy metals in soils