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中国港口近几年一直高于GDP 增长的发展速度的确让人惊叹,但许多专家也指出,中国港口在国际排名上的迅速提升,并不意味着其国际竞争地位的提高。在国际航运里,航运货源中重要的节点是国际货物转口,而这恰恰是中国经济港口发展目前所欠缺的。换言之,上海港、深圳港甚至青岛港国际排名的升格,并不能掩饰中国港口中转量不足的软肋。目前,深圳盐田港货物中转量仅占总货量的2%左右,毗邻的香港却高达40%。尽管深圳港集装箱运量已超过韩国釜山港,内地出口到欧美等地的货物中70%均要通过釜山港中转。因此,中国港口贸易量上升最重要原因是中国已经成为名副其实的世界制造业大国,但从实际竞争力上看,中国港口离国际枢纽港还有相当差距。可以说,拿不到国际中转货源,将成为国内港口无形中的软肋,同时也意味着无法真正拥有国际竞争的底气。有专家分析说,诸如“一关三检”等的繁杂程序是导致国内港口效率不
The growth rate of Chinese ports over GDP growth in recent years is indeed impressive. However, many experts also pointed out that the rapid rise of China’s ports in international rankings does not mean that their international competitive position has been raised. In international shipping, the important node of shipping supply is the re-export of international goods, which is precisely what China’s economic ports are currently lacking. In other words, upgrading the international rankings of Shanghai Port, Shenzhen Port and even Qingdao Port can not hide the underbelly of under-transfer in Chinese ports. At present, the transit volume of goods in Shenzhen Yantian Port only accounts for about 2% of the total volume, while the neighboring Hong Kong is as high as 40%. Although the container traffic in Shenzhen Port has exceeded that of Busan Port in South Korea, 70% of the goods exported from mainland China to Europe and the United States have to be transferred through Busan Port. Therefore, the most important reason for the increase in the volume of China’s port trade is that China has become a veritable manufacturing power in the world. However, in terms of actual competitiveness, there is still a considerable gap between China’s ports and the international hub ports. It can be said that failing to obtain the international transit source will become an invisible weak point in the domestic ports, meanwhile, it means that it can not truly possess the strength of international competition. Some experts have analyzed that the complicated procedures such as “one customs, three inspections” and so on are the causes of the inefficiency of domestic ports