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日本经济自第二次世界大战以来的高速增长是经济史上最引入瞩目的成就之一。日本政府一直在运用各种政策,包括产业政策来推动这种增长。一、日本产业政策综述日本经济在二次大战后面临着一系列严重问题:生产水平低下,相当大量的资源(包括受过训练的劳动力)没有或没有充分得到利用,生产中使用的技术相对落后。在此期间,日本人取得了这样的一致认识,即经济的高速增长应该是产业政策的最重要目标,而这一目标可以通过在高储蓄基础上的高投资和工艺更新来达到。
The rapid growth of Japan’s economy since the Second World War has been one of the most remarkable achievements in economic history. The Japanese government has been using various policies, including industrial policies, to promote such growth. I. Overview of Japanese Industrial Policies Japan’s economy faced a series of serious problems after the Second World War: the production level was low, a considerable amount of resources (including trained labor) were not or not fully utilized, and the technology used in production was relatively backward. During this period, the Japanese gained the unanimous recognition that the rapid economic growth should be the most important objective of industrial policy, and this goal can be achieved through high investment and technological upgrading based on high savings.