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[目的]了解上海铁路局管辖范围内两类公共场所卫生状况及主要问题,探索影响因素。[方法]收集2011—2013年上海市铁路局管辖范围内车站候车室(6个)、旅客列车(35组普通列车、29组动车、15组高铁)9项卫生指标(温度、PM10等)的历史监测资料,并对上海铁路局疾病预防控制中心卫生监测人员、车站和列车卫生管理人员共29名进行关键知情人访谈,了解卫生状况的影响因素。[结果]车站候车室三年总合格率为89.01%,但呈逐年下降趋势,上海虹桥站合格率最高(98.96%),昆山南站最低(80.00%);主要问题为温度、噪声合格率低(分别65.29%、74.12%)。旅客列车三年总合格率为90.05%,但呈下降趋势,高铁合格率最高(94.81%),动车合格率最低(87.22%);主要问题为温度合格率低(59.72%)。访谈结果显示:是否设置吸烟区、进行集中空调监测以及开展清洗消毒与否等为室内空气质量的影响因素。[结论]上海铁路局管辖范围内两类公共场所三年卫生状况良好,主要问题指标基本一致。
[Objective] To understand the health condition and main problems of two kinds of public places within the jurisdiction of Shanghai Railway Bureau and explore the influencing factors. [Methods] Nine health indicators (temperature, PM10, etc.) Of waiting room (6), passenger train (35 train, 29 train and 15 high speed rail) within the jurisdiction of Shanghai Railway Administration from 2011 to 2013 were collected Historical monitoring data and conducted interviews with 29 key health personnel of health monitoring personnel, stations and train health managers of the Shanghai Railway Bureau CDC to understand the influencing factors of health status. [Results] The total qualified rate of station waiting room in three years was 89.01%, but the trend was declining year by year. The passing rate of Shanghai Hongqiao Station was the highest (98.96%) and the lowest was Kunshan South Station (80.00%). The main problems were temperature and noise passing rate (65.29% and 74.12% respectively). The total passing rate of passenger trains in three years was 90.05%, but the downward trend was the highest passing rate of high-speed trains (94.81%) and the lowest passing rate of motor vehicles (87.22%). The main problem was the low passing rate of temperature (59.72%). Interview results show that: Whether to set the smoking area, central air-conditioning monitoring and whether to carry out cleaning and disinfection, etc. are the influencing factors of indoor air quality. [Conclusion] The health status of two public places within the jurisdiction of Shanghai Railway Bureau within three years is good and the main problems are basically the same.