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在具体的语言环境中实现对语言知识运用的考查是高考设题的热点,也是与新课标、新课改的精神保持一致的,因而情景交际用语的题目在高考试题中所占的比例越来越大,考查越来越灵活。题目的特点是贴近现实生活,口语化特别强,语言灵活地道,因此,我们要熟悉常见的情景交际用语,分析具体的语境,学会常见的应答语。现以近两年的高考试题就考查方向作个分析。
考纲解读:
情景交际用语考的是在特定交际场合下的惯用表达方式。常见考点主要为:互相介绍、打电话、表达欣赏、征求意见或看法、猜测、劝说等。
1. 介绍是最常见的考查内容。
2. 互相祝愿是命题热点之一。节日、假日、生日、旅行的祝愿都有一些“套话”。这些套话已约定俗成,要牢记在心。
3. 打电话或表示感谢的惯用语也是考查的一个热点。
4. 表达意见的婉转说法,如设问的形式,虚拟语气的使用,表达礼貌的现在进行时和过去进行时的运用等也要注意。
5. 交际用语的考查常和省略句的考查结合在一起。句中哪些成分可以省略,哪些成分不能省略,也要给予足够的注意。
考查方向:
考点1:道歉与应答
英语中常见的道歉语有:1. Sorry/I’m very/terribly sorry. 2. Please forgive me. 3. Excuse me, please. 4.I beg your pardon/Pardon me for... 5. I’m sorry to...
英语中常见的道歉应答语有:1. That’s all right.2. That’s OK.3. Never mind. 4. It doesn’t matter. 5. It’s nothing. 6. Forget it.7. Don’t worry about it.
考点解读:
1.—Can you read the sign, Sir? No smoking allowed in the lift!
—_____.
A. Never mindB. Don’t mention it
C. Sure, I don’t smokeD. Pardon me
分析:D。在不该抽烟的地方抽烟,被提醒后应该道歉。
2. —I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.
—_____. We’ll get together later.
A. Go aheadB. Not to worry
C. That’s rightD. Don’t mention it
分析:B。对道歉的回应。Not to worry意为“别担心;没关系”。
考点2:提供或请求帮助
英语中表提供或请求帮助的常见用语有:1. Would you do me a favour? 2. May I ask a favour of you? 3. What can I do for you? 4. Could you help me with...? 5. Can I/you give you/me a hand? 6. Would you please help...?
英语中表达接受帮助的常见用语有:1. Yes, thanks. 2. That’s very kind of you. 3. Yes, please. 4. Thank you. That would be fine.
英语中表达拒绝帮助的常见用语有:1. No, thanks. 2. No, but thank you all the same. 3. No, it’s all right. I can manage myself.
考点解读:
1.—It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand?
—_____.
A. No, thanksB. Yes, my pleasureC. No, never mindD. Yes, I do
分析:A。对别人提供的帮助表示拒绝。
2. —Would you please help me with the box?
—_____.
A. Yes, pleaseB. No, please don’tC. With pleasureD. My pleasure
分析:C。with pleasure“非常愿意”,用于礼貌地表示乐意做别人请求自己做的事情。
3. —Could you be so kind as to close the window?
—_____.
A. With pleasureB. Go aheadC. Yes, pleaseD. That’s OK
分析:A。同上。
3. —Good evening. Huangshan Hotel.
—_____Good evening. ?
A. Do you still have a room for tonight
B. What would you like, please
C. Is there anything I can do for you
D. Who is that speaking, please
分析:A。从语境分析,上一句应是宾馆工作人员说的,而下一句的说话者是顾客。
考点3:祝愿与应答
英语中常见的祝愿语有:1. Have a good...(day/time/journey/trip)! 2. Good luck. 3. Congratulations. 4. Best wishes(to you)!5. Wish you...!
英语中常见的祝愿答语有:1. Thank you. 2. The same to you. 3. You, too.
考点解读:
1.—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh,_____!
A. cheer up B. well done
C. go aheadD. congratulations
分析:D。congratulations在这意为对对方的四十周年结婚纪念日表示庆祝。
考点4:感谢与应答
英语中常见的感谢用语有:1. Thank you very much. 2. Thanks a lot for...3. Thank you for your help. 4. It’s very kind of you. 5. I appreciate your help. 6. I am extremely grateful to...
英语中常见的对感谢语的回答有:1. It’s a pleasure.2. My pleasure. 3. That’s all right/OK. 4. Don’t mention it. 5. You are welcome. 6. Not at all. 7.Think nothing of it. 8. At your service.
考点解读:
1.—Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
—_____.
A. I practise every dayB. Thank you very much
C. No, I don’t think so D. Well, it’s not good enough
分析:B。对别人的称赞表示感谢。
2.—Thank you for joining in our conversation tonight.
—_____.
A. It’s my dutyB. It’s all right
C. It’s my pleasureD. It’s nice to say so
分析:C。回答别人的感谢时,说“没关系;不用客气”。
考点5:提出建议
英语中表达提出建议的常用语有:1. Let’s ...2. You’d better...3. I suggest you should... 4. I advise you(not) to do it. 5. What about...? 6. Why not...? 7. If I were you, I would...8. Would you like to...?
英语中表达应对建议的常用语有:1. All right/OK.2. It’s a good idea.3. Why not?4. I’d like to, but I... 5. I’d love to.
考点解读:
1.—My mother is preparing my favourite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?
—_____. And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
A. I think soB. I’d love to
C. I’m sureD. I hope so
分析:B。对对方提出的建议表示欣然接受。
2.—Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?
—_____, but I promised Nancy to go out with her.
A. I’d like toB. I like it
C. I don’tD. I will
分析:A。I’d like to“我很想去”用来回答前者的提议,后面再表示为难。
3.—Let’s go for a walk in the garden.
—_____, but I need to do the washingup.
A. No, thank you B. That’s right
C. Good ideaD. Not at all
分析:C。good idea表示欣赏别人的提议,出于礼貌。
考点6:态度
1. 英语中表达同意与不同意的常用语有:1. Sure/Certainly/Of course. 2. Exactly/That’s correct. 3. I can’t agree more/I agree/I don’t agree. 4. No problem. 5. That’s a good idea. 6. I think so/I don’t think so. 7. I’m afraid not. 8. Well, it depends/I’m not sure about it. 9. All right. 10. You can’t be serious. 11.Thank you, but I...
2. 英语中表达肯定与否定的常用语有:1. I’m (not)sure.2.I’m sure of that. 3. There is no doubt that...4. It’s clear that... 5. I’m not sure whether/if... 6. It’s hard to say.
考点解读:
1.—Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.
—_____.
A. I’d love toB. I’m with you on that
C. It’s up to youD. It’s my pleasure
分析:B。表示赞同别人的看法,持有肯定的态度。
2.— You’re confident about the job interview, aren’t you?
—_____. I am well prepared and feel I’ve got everything they need.
A. Sure, I amB. It’s hard to say
C. I hope soD. Well, maybe
分析:A。对别人提出的看法持相同的观点,确实是这样。由I am well prepared可得知。
3.—Will you join us in the game?
—Thank you, _____.
A. but why not B. but I’d rather not
C. and I won’tD. and I’ll join
分析:B。如果同意,用“Thank you, I will.”but转折,表示歉意。why not表示愿意参加,但不能加but。
考点7:征求意见许可
英语中用来表达征求意见许可的常用语有:1. May/Could/Can I...? 2. Would/Do you mind if I...? 3. I wonder if I... 4. Is it OK?
英语中用来应答征求意见许可的常用语有:1. Yes, please/I do. 2. Sure/Certainly. 3. Of course, you can.4. Please do.5.Go ahead, please. 6. Do as you please. 7. You’d better not. 8. I’m afraid/I am sorry,you can’t.
考点解读:
1.—Do you mind my opening the window? It’s a bit hot in here.
—_____, as a matter of fact.
A. Go aheadB. Yes, my pleasure
C. Yes, I do D. Come on
分析:C。根据句意可知,我不赞成。
2.— May I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—_____!
A. Come onB. Take care
C. Go aheadD. Hold on
分析:go ahead表示“随便;请吧”。
3. —Could I ask you a rather personal question?
—Sure,_____.
A. pardon me B. go ahead
C. good idea D. forget it
分析:B。由Sure得知是同意了,那就go ahead“说吧”。
考点8:表达情感
英语中表达情感的常用语有:
1. (恐惧)Help!/How terrible!/You scared me!
2. (安慰)Don’t worry./No worry./Don’t be afraid./Take it easy./It’ll be all right./Take your time./Cheer up.
3. (惊奇)Really!/Oh dear!/Is that so?/What a surprise!/How surprising!/Oh,my God!
4. (高兴)Well done!/How wonderful!/That’s great!/I’m glad to hear that.
5. (忧虑)What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/What should I do?
6. (满意)Good!/Well done!/Perfect!/That’s fine. /That’s better.
7. (遗憾)I’m so sorry./What a pity./What a shame./It’s a pity.
8. (同情)I’m sorry./I’m sorry to hear that.
9.(愤怒) Damn!/How annoying!
10. (鼓励)Well done!/Come on!/Have a try!
考点解读:
1.—We are organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come.
—_____! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same.
A. Good luck B. What a pity
C. Never do it againD. Well done
分析:B。表示非常遗憾,不能去。
2.—Thank you for your MP4 player. I’ll ask Mary to take it to you soon.
—_____. I’ve bought a new one.
A. No sense B. No hurry
C. No way D. No use
分析:B。 No hurry“不着急”,用以安慰对方。
备考策略:
综合上述试题分析,可见高考命题对情景交际用语的考查力度在不断地加大,有些省市对它的考查从原来的一题增加到三题。尤其是交际用语中有关表达欣赏、赞美、征询意见、看法、劝说等的知识将会是以后高考命题的重点。有关各种场合的用语要分类掌握,整理归纳,使之形成体系。但最为重要的是要根据实际场合和说话意图使用最恰当的语言。考生在应考时,应对日常交际用语的使用给予重视,特别是那些表面看上去很相似的表达方式,要注意它们的使用场合及意义上的区别。
情景对话题不同于语法选择题,语法上正确的、汉语上讲得通的不一定是正确答案。情景对话的正确回答必须遵循“委婉、客气、礼貌”的原则,被询问者要根据实际情况作出回答。如:
1.—Do you want another drink?
—_____.
A. I don’t think soB. No way
C. Not at allD. I wouldn’t say no
分析:D。体现委婉的语气。
2.—Ken,_____ , but your TV is going too loud.
—Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now.
A. I ’d like to talk with youB. I’m really tired of this
C. I hate to say thisD. I need your help
分析:C。 I hate to say this“我不想这么说”,表达委婉的语气。
(责任编辑:黄 晓 周侯辰)
考纲解读:
情景交际用语考的是在特定交际场合下的惯用表达方式。常见考点主要为:互相介绍、打电话、表达欣赏、征求意见或看法、猜测、劝说等。
1. 介绍是最常见的考查内容。
2. 互相祝愿是命题热点之一。节日、假日、生日、旅行的祝愿都有一些“套话”。这些套话已约定俗成,要牢记在心。
3. 打电话或表示感谢的惯用语也是考查的一个热点。
4. 表达意见的婉转说法,如设问的形式,虚拟语气的使用,表达礼貌的现在进行时和过去进行时的运用等也要注意。
5. 交际用语的考查常和省略句的考查结合在一起。句中哪些成分可以省略,哪些成分不能省略,也要给予足够的注意。
考查方向:
考点1:道歉与应答
英语中常见的道歉语有:1. Sorry/I’m very/terribly sorry. 2. Please forgive me. 3. Excuse me, please. 4.I beg your pardon/Pardon me for... 5. I’m sorry to...
英语中常见的道歉应答语有:1. That’s all right.2. That’s OK.3. Never mind. 4. It doesn’t matter. 5. It’s nothing. 6. Forget it.7. Don’t worry about it.
考点解读:
1.—Can you read the sign, Sir? No smoking allowed in the lift!
—_____.
A. Never mindB. Don’t mention it
C. Sure, I don’t smokeD. Pardon me
分析:D。在不该抽烟的地方抽烟,被提醒后应该道歉。
2. —I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.
—_____. We’ll get together later.
A. Go aheadB. Not to worry
C. That’s rightD. Don’t mention it
分析:B。对道歉的回应。Not to worry意为“别担心;没关系”。
考点2:提供或请求帮助
英语中表提供或请求帮助的常见用语有:1. Would you do me a favour? 2. May I ask a favour of you? 3. What can I do for you? 4. Could you help me with...? 5. Can I/you give you/me a hand? 6. Would you please help...?
英语中表达接受帮助的常见用语有:1. Yes, thanks. 2. That’s very kind of you. 3. Yes, please. 4. Thank you. That would be fine.
英语中表达拒绝帮助的常见用语有:1. No, thanks. 2. No, but thank you all the same. 3. No, it’s all right. I can manage myself.
考点解读:
1.—It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand?
—_____.
A. No, thanksB. Yes, my pleasureC. No, never mindD. Yes, I do
分析:A。对别人提供的帮助表示拒绝。
2. —Would you please help me with the box?
—_____.
A. Yes, pleaseB. No, please don’tC. With pleasureD. My pleasure
分析:C。with pleasure“非常愿意”,用于礼貌地表示乐意做别人请求自己做的事情。
3. —Could you be so kind as to close the window?
—_____.
A. With pleasureB. Go aheadC. Yes, pleaseD. That’s OK
分析:A。同上。
3. —Good evening. Huangshan Hotel.
—_____Good evening. ?
A. Do you still have a room for tonight
B. What would you like, please
C. Is there anything I can do for you
D. Who is that speaking, please
分析:A。从语境分析,上一句应是宾馆工作人员说的,而下一句的说话者是顾客。
考点3:祝愿与应答
英语中常见的祝愿语有:1. Have a good...(day/time/journey/trip)! 2. Good luck. 3. Congratulations. 4. Best wishes(to you)!5. Wish you...!
英语中常见的祝愿答语有:1. Thank you. 2. The same to you. 3. You, too.
考点解读:
1.—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh,_____!
A. cheer up B. well done
C. go aheadD. congratulations
分析:D。congratulations在这意为对对方的四十周年结婚纪念日表示庆祝。
考点4:感谢与应答
英语中常见的感谢用语有:1. Thank you very much. 2. Thanks a lot for...3. Thank you for your help. 4. It’s very kind of you. 5. I appreciate your help. 6. I am extremely grateful to...
英语中常见的对感谢语的回答有:1. It’s a pleasure.2. My pleasure. 3. That’s all right/OK. 4. Don’t mention it. 5. You are welcome. 6. Not at all. 7.Think nothing of it. 8. At your service.
考点解读:
1.—Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
—_____.
A. I practise every dayB. Thank you very much
C. No, I don’t think so D. Well, it’s not good enough
分析:B。对别人的称赞表示感谢。
2.—Thank you for joining in our conversation tonight.
—_____.
A. It’s my dutyB. It’s all right
C. It’s my pleasureD. It’s nice to say so
分析:C。回答别人的感谢时,说“没关系;不用客气”。
考点5:提出建议
英语中表达提出建议的常用语有:1. Let’s ...2. You’d better...3. I suggest you should... 4. I advise you(not) to do it. 5. What about...? 6. Why not...? 7. If I were you, I would...8. Would you like to...?
英语中表达应对建议的常用语有:1. All right/OK.2. It’s a good idea.3. Why not?4. I’d like to, but I... 5. I’d love to.
考点解读:
1.—My mother is preparing my favourite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?
—_____. And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
A. I think soB. I’d love to
C. I’m sureD. I hope so
分析:B。对对方提出的建议表示欣然接受。
2.—Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?
—_____, but I promised Nancy to go out with her.
A. I’d like toB. I like it
C. I don’tD. I will
分析:A。I’d like to“我很想去”用来回答前者的提议,后面再表示为难。
3.—Let’s go for a walk in the garden.
—_____, but I need to do the washingup.
A. No, thank you B. That’s right
C. Good ideaD. Not at all
分析:C。good idea表示欣赏别人的提议,出于礼貌。
考点6:态度
1. 英语中表达同意与不同意的常用语有:1. Sure/Certainly/Of course. 2. Exactly/That’s correct. 3. I can’t agree more/I agree/I don’t agree. 4. No problem. 5. That’s a good idea. 6. I think so/I don’t think so. 7. I’m afraid not. 8. Well, it depends/I’m not sure about it. 9. All right. 10. You can’t be serious. 11.Thank you, but I...
2. 英语中表达肯定与否定的常用语有:1. I’m (not)sure.2.I’m sure of that. 3. There is no doubt that...4. It’s clear that... 5. I’m not sure whether/if... 6. It’s hard to say.
考点解读:
1.—Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.
—_____.
A. I’d love toB. I’m with you on that
C. It’s up to youD. It’s my pleasure
分析:B。表示赞同别人的看法,持有肯定的态度。
2.— You’re confident about the job interview, aren’t you?
—_____. I am well prepared and feel I’ve got everything they need.
A. Sure, I amB. It’s hard to say
C. I hope soD. Well, maybe
分析:A。对别人提出的看法持相同的观点,确实是这样。由I am well prepared可得知。
3.—Will you join us in the game?
—Thank you, _____.
A. but why not B. but I’d rather not
C. and I won’tD. and I’ll join
分析:B。如果同意,用“Thank you, I will.”but转折,表示歉意。why not表示愿意参加,但不能加but。
考点7:征求意见许可
英语中用来表达征求意见许可的常用语有:1. May/Could/Can I...? 2. Would/Do you mind if I...? 3. I wonder if I... 4. Is it OK?
英语中用来应答征求意见许可的常用语有:1. Yes, please/I do. 2. Sure/Certainly. 3. Of course, you can.4. Please do.5.Go ahead, please. 6. Do as you please. 7. You’d better not. 8. I’m afraid/I am sorry,you can’t.
考点解读:
1.—Do you mind my opening the window? It’s a bit hot in here.
—_____, as a matter of fact.
A. Go aheadB. Yes, my pleasure
C. Yes, I do D. Come on
分析:C。根据句意可知,我不赞成。
2.— May I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—_____!
A. Come onB. Take care
C. Go aheadD. Hold on
分析:go ahead表示“随便;请吧”。
3. —Could I ask you a rather personal question?
—Sure,_____.
A. pardon me B. go ahead
C. good idea D. forget it
分析:B。由Sure得知是同意了,那就go ahead“说吧”。
考点8:表达情感
英语中表达情感的常用语有:
1. (恐惧)Help!/How terrible!/You scared me!
2. (安慰)Don’t worry./No worry./Don’t be afraid./Take it easy./It’ll be all right./Take your time./Cheer up.
3. (惊奇)Really!/Oh dear!/Is that so?/What a surprise!/How surprising!/Oh,my God!
4. (高兴)Well done!/How wonderful!/That’s great!/I’m glad to hear that.
5. (忧虑)What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/What should I do?
6. (满意)Good!/Well done!/Perfect!/That’s fine. /That’s better.
7. (遗憾)I’m so sorry./What a pity./What a shame./It’s a pity.
8. (同情)I’m sorry./I’m sorry to hear that.
9.(愤怒) Damn!/How annoying!
10. (鼓励)Well done!/Come on!/Have a try!
考点解读:
1.—We are organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come.
—_____! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same.
A. Good luck B. What a pity
C. Never do it againD. Well done
分析:B。表示非常遗憾,不能去。
2.—Thank you for your MP4 player. I’ll ask Mary to take it to you soon.
—_____. I’ve bought a new one.
A. No sense B. No hurry
C. No way D. No use
分析:B。 No hurry“不着急”,用以安慰对方。
备考策略:
综合上述试题分析,可见高考命题对情景交际用语的考查力度在不断地加大,有些省市对它的考查从原来的一题增加到三题。尤其是交际用语中有关表达欣赏、赞美、征询意见、看法、劝说等的知识将会是以后高考命题的重点。有关各种场合的用语要分类掌握,整理归纳,使之形成体系。但最为重要的是要根据实际场合和说话意图使用最恰当的语言。考生在应考时,应对日常交际用语的使用给予重视,特别是那些表面看上去很相似的表达方式,要注意它们的使用场合及意义上的区别。
情景对话题不同于语法选择题,语法上正确的、汉语上讲得通的不一定是正确答案。情景对话的正确回答必须遵循“委婉、客气、礼貌”的原则,被询问者要根据实际情况作出回答。如:
1.—Do you want another drink?
—_____.
A. I don’t think soB. No way
C. Not at allD. I wouldn’t say no
分析:D。体现委婉的语气。
2.—Ken,_____ , but your TV is going too loud.
—Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now.
A. I ’d like to talk with youB. I’m really tired of this
C. I hate to say thisD. I need your help
分析:C。 I hate to say this“我不想这么说”,表达委婉的语气。
(责任编辑:黄 晓 周侯辰)