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抛秧是一项轻简和高产高效的水稻栽培技术,有序化抛栽不仅利于进一步挖掘抛秧高产潜力,还对稻米品质有重要影响。本试验通过摆栽、点抛、撒抛3种抛栽方式以及三连孔、二连孔与常规单孔塑盘培育稻株的稻米品质比较,研究粳型超级稻有序抛栽的稻米品质特征,为超级稻优质米生产提供理论和实践依据。结果表明,不同栽插方式间稻米的糙米率、精米率和整精密率表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛、机插,以及二连孔>三连孔>单孔,稀植有序摆抛栽利于加工品质的改善;稻米的垩白率、垩白大小和垩白度呈现摆栽>点抛>撒抛、机插的趋势,以及二连孔、三连孔>单孔,三连孔、二连孔穴内分蘖多且竞争大,一定程度削弱了穴间空间大的优势,所以其外观品质较单孔稍差;胶稠度、峰值黏度、热浆黏度和崩解值均表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛、机插,而蛋白质含量呈现相反趋势。不同连孔处理间直链淀粉和蛋白质含量变化较小,峰值黏度、崩解值表现为二连孔>三连孔、单孔,最终黏度和回复值则为三连孔、二连孔<单孔。有序摆抛栽能改善稻米加工品质、外观品质和蒸煮食味品质,特别是二连孔、三连孔有序摆抛栽对稻米品质有明显改善作用。
Throwing rice seedling is a light and high yielding and efficient rice cultivation techniques. Ordered throwing is not only conducive to further digging the potential of high yielding seedlings, but also has an important impact on the quality of rice. In this study, we compared the rice quality of three types of rice transplanting, three types of transplanting and three types of holes, two holes and conventional single-hole plastic plate to study the quality of rice Characteristics, provide theoretical and practical basis for super rice high-quality rice production. The results showed that the brown rice rate, milled rice rate and total precision rate among different transplanting ways were as follows: planting> spotting> sprinkling, machine inserting, and even hole> triple hole> single hole, thin planting order Throwing planted to facilitate the improvement of processing quality; chalky rice rate, chalky size and chalkiness showed planted planting> throwing> throwing thrown, machine plug trend, and the second hole, triple hole> single hole, triple Hole and even with more than two holes competition and competition, to a certain extent, weaken the advantages of large space between the holes, so the appearance of the quality of slightly worse than the single hole; gel consistency, peak viscosity, hot slurry viscosity and collapse values are shown as Planting> spot throw> throwing thrown, machine inserted, while the protein content showed the opposite trend. The contents of amylose and protein in the different types of holes decreased slightly, and the peak viscosity and the disintegration value showed two holes> three holes, single hole, the final viscosity and the recovery value were three holes, two holes hole. Ordered pendulum throwing can improve rice processing quality, appearance quality and cooking food quality, especially Erlian hole, Sanlian Kong ordered pendulum throwing planted on the quality of rice has been significantly improved.