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加拿大一枝黄花 Solidago Canadensis L.(S.altissima L.)原产于北美,20世纪30年代作为庭院观赏植物首次引进我国,现已成为平原城镇住宅旁、果园、茶园、桑园、农田边、高速公路和铁路沿线杂草,在安徽、湖北、江苏、浙江、上海、江西等地有零星分布,并造成局部危害。加拿大一枝花具有极强的繁殖和快速占有空间的能力,平均每株可形成2万多粒种子,能通过风、鸟等多种途径传播,还能通过根茎繁殖;在那些刚被搁置的空地上,在二、三年内即能迅速形成单生优势,对自然植被和生态系统具有极强的破坏力,同时对桑地、苗圃及农田作物也具有很大的潜在威胁。且花粉量大,可导致花粉过敏。目前在河北省尚未发现其分布,熟悉其形态特征及生活习性,并对其提出有效的防范措施,对我省控制及防止其侵入蔓延有重要作用。一、形态特征加拿大一枝黄花是菊科多年生草本植物。叶互生.椭圆形、顶渐尖、基部楔形,长12~20cm,边缘具不明显锯齿,纸质,两面具短糙毛。头状花序小,长4~6mm,在花序分枝上排列成蝎尾状,在组合成开展的大型圆锥花序。地下具横走的根状茎,直立茎高1.5~3m,茎
Native to North America, Solidago Canadensis L. (S. altissima L.) was first introduced into China as a garden ornamental plant in the 1930s. It has now become a landmark in the township of plain, orchard, tea plantation, mulberry field, Weeds along roads and railways have sporadic distribution in Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangxi and other places, causing local hazards. With a strong ability to multiply and quickly occupy space, a single flower of Canada produces an average of more than 20,000 seeds per plant, which can be spread by wind, bird and other means and can also be multiplied by rhizomes. In those newly shelved vacancies In the meantime, the single superiority can be quickly formed within two or three years, with extremely destructive power to natural vegetation and ecosystems. It also poses a great potential threat to mulberry fields, nurseries and farm crops. And the large amount of pollen, pollen can lead to allergies. At present, Hebei Province has not yet found its distribution, familiar with its morphological characteristics and living habits, and put forward effective preventive measures for our province to control and prevent its invasion and spread an important role. First, the morphological characteristics Solidago canadensis is a perennial herbaceous plant. Leaves alternate. Oval, apex acuminate, base wedge, length 12 ~ 20cm, margin with no obvious serrated, paper, both sides with short bristles. Small head, 4 ~ 6mm long, arranged in inflorescence branches into a scorpion-like tail, in the formation of large panicles carried out. Underground with horizontal rhizomes, erect tall stems 1.5 ~ 3m, stems