carbon aerogels (CAs) have the highest thermal stability in all kinds of aerogels have been explored to date[1], and can maintain their mesoporous structure at a high temperature even exceed 2000 ℃ in an inert atmospheres [2].Most carbon aerogels are derived from resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogels, which are prepared via supercritical drying of wet RF-gels using liquid carbon dioxide as a drying solvent[3].Although the use of supercritical drying process can prepare aerogels with good performance, But its preparation process is difficult, High cost and high risk.These factors have seriously restricted the large-scale application of carbon aerogels.Based on resorcinol and formaldehyde as raw materials, adding suitable amount of catalyst and additive in drying control, we prepared organic aerogels and carbon aerogels by sol-gel method and atmospheric drying process.Then study the precursor concentration (M)and catalyst concentration(R/C) on the micro structure and physical properties of carbon aerogels.And through the improvement of preparation technology, we get the suitable process parameters for the preparation of atmospheric drying.Results show that when the initial precursors concentration was 20%-45%, R/C is 200-2000, organic aerogels and carbon aerogels with good structure and high performance can be prepared.In the condition of M=25%, R/C=500, the density of carbon aerogel can be as low as 0.245 g/cm3,and its compression strength is 3.2Mpa while Modulus of elasticity is 27Mpa.