帮助贫民窟:不要为他们做事,而是和他们一起做事

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  Governments always talk about water and sanitation, but they are not providing that in the informal settlements. And then what happens to us? When we visited India through exchange programs, we found that people were really shitting on the street, naked on the street…women and children,…you can imagine that security. So we are agree to get the world to see as women in India, we can build our own toilets. We know when we put them, people can be safer.
  In India, Bombay only, we have built over 3,000 seats of toilets. And the maintenance of the toilets is from the people or the community themselves. When you compare the toilets that are built by government and offered free for the people, with the toilets built by people themselves, you’ll find that the people’s toilets are always clean. However, the governments built ones are dirty. This is because there is no maintenance; no one takes care of it.
  So we decided to say: let’s take it upon ourselves. let’s build them for us. We know how we can build it and with what kind of material. But we should always engage the municipality to support us with resources to do this. Having toilets in communities lessens the insecurity of women and children. So we say let’s strongly address the issue of sanitation, do it by ourselves and then engage municipalities’ and national governments to support what we have already done on the ground.
  I think if you want to help people, go to the people, ask them what they want. For example, if you put street children in shelter, maybe they feel like in jail. But if you call them together and say what do you want? They will tell you. And you support them on what they want. Once you do that, you also come up with your idea of saying how about we do what you want in this way, so that it can look better?
  So don’t do it for them, do it with them.
  So for the children on the street, they want freedom. Then you should ask what kind of freedom they want. “You see, if you live like this, you will be sick. You won’t get better education. You won’t be a rich person in the future.” You raise the things they can think of and see. This helps us to change for future.
  We’ve got different characters in the communities. If you want to achieve, go to the leaders of the communities. Not the officially elected leaders like the councilors. Yes, they are important. they’ve been elected by the people. But the leaders of small communities within the communities know exactly what happens beyond the policy of the government. You bring those networks of people together. You share with them your idea.   For example, you talk to their leader and ask,” we’re reading in the books about this we want to help. What do you want us to help you with?” They should be the one to identify their own priority. But if you go to government and say “I am coming to you with money, I want to help the slum in Nairobi. I want to buy food and clothes to help those people.” You know what they will do? They will collect them and sell them instead of using them to eat or doing something else.
  But if you start talking with them, then you go with them to municipality, and say: “the people that I met, I listen to what they wanted to have, I am ready to support. Where can we join hands with you municipality?” Then it will help, because it is from bottom up.
  政府总在谈论水源和卫生系统的问题,但他们并不为非正式定居点提供解决方案。那么生活在那里的人们会怎样?在参观印度贫民窟的时候,我们看到无论女人还是小孩,都在街头排泄,甚至在街上赤身裸体,……你可以想象当地的治安。于是我们决定让全世界看到,印度女性有能力建造自己的厕所,这样会她们的生活变得更加安全。
  在印度,仅在孟买一个城市,我们就建造了3,000多个便位。这些厕所的维护全靠生活于本社区的居民。相较于政府建造的免费公厕,你会发现由人们自己建造的厕所相对干净,这是因为免费公厕没有人去维护,没人在乎。
  所以我们决定自己动手建造自己的厕所!我们知道怎么盖,也知道用什么建材。但我们应该让市政当局提供资源。有了厕所的社区减少了女性和孩童的不安。所以我们大力呼吁自己在贫民窟动手建造卫生系统。
  我认为如果你想帮助他人,你就要走到他们面前去问他们需要什么。举个例子,如果你把流浪街童送进收容所,也许他们会觉得进了监狱。如果你将他们聚集在一起问:你们想要什么?他们就会告诉你,你就可以给他们提供其真正需要的东西。
  所以不要为他们做事情,而是和他们一起做事情。
  回到街童的问题上来,他们想要自由。那你就问他们想要什么样的自由。“你看,如果你这样生活,你会生病。你无法接受更好的教育。你未来也不会变成一个有钱人。”列举他们会去思考并明白的实例,能让我们为未来做出改变。
  在社区里,存在着各色人等。如果你想办成某件事,就要去和社区的领导人物谈,他们并不是官方选举出来的那种领袖,而是经由人民选举产生。但是他们却非常重要,因为只有社区中的更小型社区的领导人物才知道在政府的政策之外发生了什么。由此,你需要将这些网络聚集到一起,与他们分享自己的意见。
  举个例子,你和他们的领袖谈话并问:“我们在书中了解到这里的状况,想向你们提供帮助。你们需要什么帮助?”这些人自己会提出他们优先想要的东西。但如果你到政府去说:“我带着钱来找你,我想帮助内罗毕的贫民窟,我想买食物和衣服来帮助那些人。”你知道他们会怎么做吗?他们会把物资收集起来卖掉,而不是自己食用和使用。
  但如果你从与你想帮助的人对话开始,然后与他们一起去市政部门说:“这是我见到的人,我倾听了他们想要的东西,我已准备好提供帮助。现在我们怎样和你们配合呢?”这样一来,事情就会办成,因为这是自下而上的行动。
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