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(NMET 2006) 32题:
________and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
A. Surprising
B. Surprised
C. Being surprised
D. To be surprising
此题正确答案是B｡有人做出如下简析: 本题考查形容词的特殊用法即形容词作状语｡surprised在此处用作形容词(惊奇的),表示伴随状态,与happy并列｡因为逻辑主语是Tony,所以不用surprising｡ Being surprised中的being通常省略,最佳答案是B｡
人教版的新编高一英语教材Unit 7课文最后一句是: Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the heroes of Russia.
该句在教材167页的注释为:“句子前面的形容词短语strong, proud and united可视为状语,在正式英语里可以这样用”｡教参146页对该句的解释是:“strong, proud and united为前置定语,相当于一个非限定性定语从句: The people of St Petersburg, who are strong, proud and united, are the heroes of Russia”｡而在薄冰所著《高级英语语法》中,此类现象又被归为主语补助语｡
可见,对该形容词进行句法分析并不是一件容易的事情｡但该结构本身确实值得注意,因为它极易与副词或副词短语充当状语相混淆｡请看下例:
1. Hopefully, we can get this done before dark.
2. Helpless, we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
仔细分析两句就能发现: 第一,例1中,副词hopefully修饰整个句子,它在逻辑上和后面一整句话We can get this done before dark.构成了主谓关系｡即That we can get this done before dark is hopeful.例2中形容词helpless修饰主语,和句子的主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系,即We are helpless.
第二,例1可以变为主语从句: It’s hopeful that we can get this done before dark.例2则相当于状语从语: We are helpless when we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
从这两点考虑,2004年春季上海卷34题就很容易了｡
________, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.
A. Strangely enough
B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough
D. Enough strange
Strange的逻辑主语不是some famous scientists,而是some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.该句可以变为: It’s strange enough that some scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.所以正确答案选A｡
综上所述,可以这么说,碰到这类题时,凡是对整个句子作评述性的说明时,要选副词性的词语;凡是说明主语的性质和状态的句子中则要选用形容词性的词语｡此外,还要注意形容词和形容词化的过去分词当状语与双重谓语的差别｡总之,修饰全句的词语均属插入语｡
【即时巩固练习】
1. After the Anti-terrorist war, many American soldiers returned home,________.
A. safe but tired B. safely but tired
C. safe and tiringD. safely and tiring
2.________, he decided to give it a try.
A. Much interestedly
B. More importantly
C. Much interest
D. Much interested
3.________, he’s got a steady job.
A. More important
B. More importantly
C. More importance
D. Much importantly
4.________, Sister Carrie joined the stream of job seekers again.
A. Coldly and hungry
B. Cold and hungrily
C. Cold and hungry
D. Coldly and hugrily
5.________, he found the money that he had lost.
A. Unfortunately B. Unfortunate
C. FortunateD. Fortunately
6.________, she is my good role model.
A. Confident and honest
B. Confidently and honestly
C. Confident and honestly
D. Confidently and honest
7.________, I don’t think the plan will succeed.
A. Frankly speaking
B. Frank speaking
C. Speaking frank
D. Speaking frankly
Keys: 1. A2. D3. B4. C5. D6. A7. A
________and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
A. Surprising
B. Surprised
C. Being surprised
D. To be surprising
此题正确答案是B｡有人做出如下简析: 本题考查形容词的特殊用法即形容词作状语｡surprised在此处用作形容词(惊奇的),表示伴随状态,与happy并列｡因为逻辑主语是Tony,所以不用surprising｡ Being surprised中的being通常省略,最佳答案是B｡
人教版的新编高一英语教材Unit 7课文最后一句是: Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the heroes of Russia.
该句在教材167页的注释为:“句子前面的形容词短语strong, proud and united可视为状语,在正式英语里可以这样用”｡教参146页对该句的解释是:“strong, proud and united为前置定语,相当于一个非限定性定语从句: The people of St Petersburg, who are strong, proud and united, are the heroes of Russia”｡而在薄冰所著《高级英语语法》中,此类现象又被归为主语补助语｡
可见,对该形容词进行句法分析并不是一件容易的事情｡但该结构本身确实值得注意,因为它极易与副词或副词短语充当状语相混淆｡请看下例:
1. Hopefully, we can get this done before dark.
2. Helpless, we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
仔细分析两句就能发现: 第一,例1中,副词hopefully修饰整个句子,它在逻辑上和后面一整句话We can get this done before dark.构成了主谓关系｡即That we can get this done before dark is hopeful.例2中形容词helpless修饰主语,和句子的主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系,即We are helpless.
第二,例1可以变为主语从句: It’s hopeful that we can get this done before dark.例2则相当于状语从语: We are helpless when we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
从这两点考虑,2004年春季上海卷34题就很容易了｡
________, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.
A. Strangely enough
B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough
D. Enough strange
Strange的逻辑主语不是some famous scientists,而是some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.该句可以变为: It’s strange enough that some scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.所以正确答案选A｡
综上所述,可以这么说,碰到这类题时,凡是对整个句子作评述性的说明时,要选副词性的词语;凡是说明主语的性质和状态的句子中则要选用形容词性的词语｡此外,还要注意形容词和形容词化的过去分词当状语与双重谓语的差别｡总之,修饰全句的词语均属插入语｡
【即时巩固练习】
1. After the Anti-terrorist war, many American soldiers returned home,________.
A. safe but tired B. safely but tired
C. safe and tiringD. safely and tiring
2.________, he decided to give it a try.
A. Much interestedly
B. More importantly
C. Much interest
D. Much interested
3.________, he’s got a steady job.
A. More important
B. More importantly
C. More importance
D. Much importantly
4.________, Sister Carrie joined the stream of job seekers again.
A. Coldly and hungry
B. Cold and hungrily
C. Cold and hungry
D. Coldly and hugrily
5.________, he found the money that he had lost.
A. Unfortunately B. Unfortunate
C. FortunateD. Fortunately
6.________, she is my good role model.
A. Confident and honest
B. Confidently and honestly
C. Confident and honestly
D. Confidently and honest
7.________, I don’t think the plan will succeed.
A. Frankly speaking
B. Frank speaking
C. Speaking frank
D. Speaking frankly
Keys: 1. A2. D3. B4. C5. D6. A7. A