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一、各有各的“说”法：speak, say, tell, talk
[真题导航]
1. Don’t forget to ____ “Thank you” when someone has helped you．
(2007年济南市)
A． speak B． tell C． say D． talk
2. I am sure that he is ____ a lie. （2007年广东省）
A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling
3. I was ____ that our class meeting about “Eight Dos and Don’ts” would be held soon.
A. talked B. spoken C. told D. said
[要点领悟]
speak的意思是“说话”，指说话的能力和方式，一般用作不及物动词，用作及物动词时，其宾语往往是语言名称；say是及物动词，指用语言表达所想的事，侧重内容，常接直接引语或间接引语；talk的意思是“谈话”，“交谈”，指相互之间的谈话，一般用作不及物动词。要表示谈到某人某事时，后面接介词about或of；tell是“告诉”的意思，及物动词，“说真话”、“说谎话”、“讲故事”都用tell这个词。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。say “Thank you”意为“致谢”。
2．选D。tell a lie“说谎”，固定用法。
3．选C。be told被动语态，是“被告知”的意思，本题选C项符合句法和句意。
二、a little, little, a few, few“一点”都不一样
[真题导航]
1. ——You look sad, Kate.
——Yeah. I have made ____ mistakes in my report.
（2007年武汉市新课程）
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
2. This English newspaper is very easy for the students because there are ____ new words in it. （2007年重庆市）
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
3. I can’t buy the dress because I have just ____ money.
(2006年南通市)
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
[要点领悟]
a little, little 用来修饰不可数名词，其中a little表示“有一些”，little是个半否定词，表示“几乎没有”；a few, few用来修饰可数名词，其中a few表示“有一些”，few是个半否定词，表示“几乎没有”。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。由对话的第一句You look sad可知，对话第二句的空白处应填表示“一些”意思的选项；mistakes是可数名词，所以用 a few。
2.选C。由题干中关键词语very easy可知，空白处应填表示“几乎没有”，words是可数名词，所以用few。
3.选B。money为不可数名词，C、D选项排除；由于题干中有just一词，所以选a little。just a little money“只有一点钱”，与前文意思一致。如果没有just就选A项了。
三、“听”起来是不一样：hear, listen(to), sound
[真题导航]
1. Students should pay attention to ____ the teacher in class.
（2007年泰州市）
A. hear B. listen to C. listening to D. hearing of
2. ——Listen! They are talking about scuba diving on the radio now.
——Hmm…It ____ interesting.（2005年青岛市）
A. hears B. listens C. sounds D. sounds like
[要点领悟] 三者都有“听”的意思。listen一般是不及物动词，表示专心致志地听着，是一种有意识的动作，接宾语时，加介词to；hear是及物动词，意为“听见”，“听到”，是一种无意识的动作。hear是listen(to)这一动作的结果；sound意为“听起来”，是系动词，后接形容词作表语。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。“学生在课堂上应该注意听讲”，表示有意识的动作。
2．选C。题干空白后为形容词，符合sound的用法。sound interesting“听起来有趣”。
四、many, much, a lot of没有“许多”区别
[真题导航]
1. The reporters asked the man ____ questions， but he said ____ words.
（2007年成都市）
A. many； few B. much； a little C. a lot of； a few
2. ——Wow, a nice T-shirt! ____ is it?
——Only 25 yuan. It’s on sale. （2007年浙江丽水市）
A. What color B. How many C. What size D. How much
3. So ____ homework really makes the students feel tired.
（2005年河北省）
A. much B. many C. little D. few
[要点领悟]
三者都表示“许多”，many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词；much可用来表示询问“价格”，many没有这一用法；a lot of修饰可数名词和不可数名词，常用于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中通常用many或much。
[指点迷津]
1.选A。两个空后都是可数名词复数，所以B选项排除；题干中关键词语but决定了选两个相反的词语many与few，即：记者问了许多，他几乎没说什么话。
2．选D。由答语中的Only 25 yuan.可知，所问的是价格。
3．选A。homework是不可数名词，所以排除B、D选项；题干中的关键词语feel tired“感到很累”，决定了选much，much homework“许多作业”与feel tired“感到很累”相对应。
五、在不同的“日子”里：day, date
[真题导航]
1. ——What’s the date?
——It’s ____.（2007年襄樊市）
A. 22nd, July B. a nice day C. Tuesday D. July
2. ——What day is today?
——It’s ____. （2007年衢州市）
A. evening B. June C. Saturday D. summer
[要点领悟]
day和date都可用来询问“今天是什么日子”，day指的是“星期几”，回答是“It’s Monday.”等；date是指具体的“日期”，即“几月几日”。
[指点迷津]
1.选A。由问句的What’s the date?可知，所问内容是“日期”，所以回答是A选项。
2．选C。What day is today?是对“星期几”提问的，所以C项正确。
六、“寻找”各自的用法，“找到”两者的差异：find, look for
[真题导航]
1. I stopped ____ my pen, but I couldn’t find it.(2005年安徽六安市)
A. looking for B. to look for C. finding D. to find
2. Mom, I can’t ____ my bag. Do you know where it is?（2006邢台）
A. look B. look for C. find D. find out
[要点领悟]
两者都含有“找”的意思。look for“寻找”，侧重找的动作；find“找到”、“发现”，强调结果。
[指点迷津]
1.选B。stop to do sth.“停止原来做的事去做to do这一动作”， stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”，doing是停止的对象。本题意思是“我停下来，去找我的钢笔，但是没有找到”。此空填look for与后文的find相对应。
2．选C。can’t find my bag“找不到我的书包”，所以才有后文询问母亲“是否知道它在哪里”。
七、如何表达“歉意”：excuse me, sorry
[真题导航]
1. ——____ Is there a post office near here?
——Yes. Over there, behind the supermarket. （2007年浙江丽水市）
A. Sorry. B. Hello. C. Excuse me. D. Pardon?
2. ——Could you please not keep the water running?
——____. I’m turning off the shower. （2007年山西省临汾市）
A. OK, I will B. That’s all right C. Sorry, I won’t
[要点领悟]
excuse me用于要打扰某人、寻求帮助时的客套用语，如问路时；sorry用于做错了某事或给对方带来不便后，表示歉意。sorry还常用于拒绝对方请求的语境中。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。问路前常用excuse me。
2．选C。无故使水一直流着是一件不对的事，所以，答语中用Sorry, I won’t (keep the water running).与后文的I’m turning off the shower.意思一致。
[跟踪练习]
1. speak, say, tell, talk
① After coming, he ____ hello to everyone.
② Two men are ____ in front of the house.
③ Grandmother used to ____ us stories at night.
④ Could you ____ me what he ____ just now?
⑤ The students are ____ about the film in the room.
⑥ They can ____ English very well because they have been in England
for two years.
key:①said ②talking ③tell ④tell; said ⑤talking ⑥speak
2. a few, few, a little, little
① There are ____ apples left in the basket.
② There is ____ milk in the cup.
③ Michael knows ____ Japanese at all.
④ He’s going to borrow ____ books from the library.
⑤ I know much Japanese. But I know ____ French words at all.
key:①a few/few ②a little/little ③little ④a few ⑤few
3. listen(to), hear
① ____! Can you ____ birds singing?
② ____ the advice of your father and mother.
③ ——____ me. ——Sorry, I can’t ____ you. Louder, please.
④ I ____ someone knocking at the door.
key:①Listen, hear ②Listen to ③Listen to, hear ④heard
4. many, much, a lot of
① I have ____ work to do.
② There isn’t ____ rice in the bowl.
③ ____ children are listening to the radio.
④ Are there ____ apple trees in front of the house?
⑤ Were there ____ people at the meeting yesterday?
⑥ I’m sorry to give you so ____ trouble.
key:①much/a lot of ②much ③Many/A lot of ④many ⑤many
⑥much
5. date, day
① These ____ we are very busy.
② Today’s ____ is October 15.
③ ——Do you know what ____ it is? ——It’s Saturday.
④ ——What was the ____ yesterday? ——It was November 2.
key:①days ②date ③day ④date
6. look for, find
① Hello, Tom! Someone ____ you.
② That’s my book. I lost it two days ago. Who ____ it?
③ ____ you still ____ your bike, Alice?
④ At last Jack ____ a job in a computer company.
key:①is looking for ②found ③Are, looking for ④found
[真题导航]
1. Don’t forget to ____ “Thank you” when someone has helped you．
(2007年济南市)
A． speak B． tell C． say D． talk
2. I am sure that he is ____ a lie. （2007年广东省）
A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling
3. I was ____ that our class meeting about “Eight Dos and Don’ts” would be held soon.
A. talked B. spoken C. told D. said
[要点领悟]
speak的意思是“说话”，指说话的能力和方式，一般用作不及物动词，用作及物动词时，其宾语往往是语言名称；say是及物动词，指用语言表达所想的事，侧重内容，常接直接引语或间接引语；talk的意思是“谈话”，“交谈”，指相互之间的谈话，一般用作不及物动词。要表示谈到某人某事时，后面接介词about或of；tell是“告诉”的意思，及物动词，“说真话”、“说谎话”、“讲故事”都用tell这个词。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。say “Thank you”意为“致谢”。
2．选D。tell a lie“说谎”，固定用法。
3．选C。be told被动语态，是“被告知”的意思，本题选C项符合句法和句意。
二、a little, little, a few, few“一点”都不一样
[真题导航]
1. ——You look sad, Kate.
——Yeah. I have made ____ mistakes in my report.
（2007年武汉市新课程）
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
2. This English newspaper is very easy for the students because there are ____ new words in it. （2007年重庆市）
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
3. I can’t buy the dress because I have just ____ money.
(2006年南通市)
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
[要点领悟]
a little, little 用来修饰不可数名词，其中a little表示“有一些”，little是个半否定词，表示“几乎没有”；a few, few用来修饰可数名词，其中a few表示“有一些”，few是个半否定词，表示“几乎没有”。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。由对话的第一句You look sad可知，对话第二句的空白处应填表示“一些”意思的选项；mistakes是可数名词，所以用 a few。
2.选C。由题干中关键词语very easy可知，空白处应填表示“几乎没有”，words是可数名词，所以用few。
3.选B。money为不可数名词，C、D选项排除；由于题干中有just一词，所以选a little。just a little money“只有一点钱”，与前文意思一致。如果没有just就选A项了。
三、“听”起来是不一样：hear, listen(to), sound
[真题导航]
1. Students should pay attention to ____ the teacher in class.
（2007年泰州市）
A. hear B. listen to C. listening to D. hearing of
2. ——Listen! They are talking about scuba diving on the radio now.
——Hmm…It ____ interesting.（2005年青岛市）
A. hears B. listens C. sounds D. sounds like
[要点领悟] 三者都有“听”的意思。listen一般是不及物动词，表示专心致志地听着，是一种有意识的动作，接宾语时，加介词to；hear是及物动词，意为“听见”，“听到”，是一种无意识的动作。hear是listen(to)这一动作的结果；sound意为“听起来”，是系动词，后接形容词作表语。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。“学生在课堂上应该注意听讲”，表示有意识的动作。
2．选C。题干空白后为形容词，符合sound的用法。sound interesting“听起来有趣”。
四、many, much, a lot of没有“许多”区别
[真题导航]
1. The reporters asked the man ____ questions， but he said ____ words.
（2007年成都市）
A. many； few B. much； a little C. a lot of； a few
2. ——Wow, a nice T-shirt! ____ is it?
——Only 25 yuan. It’s on sale. （2007年浙江丽水市）
A. What color B. How many C. What size D. How much
3. So ____ homework really makes the students feel tired.
（2005年河北省）
A. much B. many C. little D. few
[要点领悟]
三者都表示“许多”，many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词；much可用来表示询问“价格”，many没有这一用法；a lot of修饰可数名词和不可数名词，常用于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中通常用many或much。
[指点迷津]
1.选A。两个空后都是可数名词复数，所以B选项排除；题干中关键词语but决定了选两个相反的词语many与few，即：记者问了许多，他几乎没说什么话。
2．选D。由答语中的Only 25 yuan.可知，所问的是价格。
3．选A。homework是不可数名词，所以排除B、D选项；题干中的关键词语feel tired“感到很累”，决定了选much，much homework“许多作业”与feel tired“感到很累”相对应。
五、在不同的“日子”里：day, date
[真题导航]
1. ——What’s the date?
——It’s ____.（2007年襄樊市）
A. 22nd, July B. a nice day C. Tuesday D. July
2. ——What day is today?
——It’s ____. （2007年衢州市）
A. evening B. June C. Saturday D. summer
[要点领悟]
day和date都可用来询问“今天是什么日子”，day指的是“星期几”，回答是“It’s Monday.”等；date是指具体的“日期”，即“几月几日”。
[指点迷津]
1.选A。由问句的What’s the date?可知，所问内容是“日期”，所以回答是A选项。
2．选C。What day is today?是对“星期几”提问的，所以C项正确。
六、“寻找”各自的用法，“找到”两者的差异：find, look for
[真题导航]
1. I stopped ____ my pen, but I couldn’t find it.(2005年安徽六安市)
A. looking for B. to look for C. finding D. to find
2. Mom, I can’t ____ my bag. Do you know where it is?（2006邢台）
A. look B. look for C. find D. find out
[要点领悟]
两者都含有“找”的意思。look for“寻找”，侧重找的动作；find“找到”、“发现”，强调结果。
[指点迷津]
1.选B。stop to do sth.“停止原来做的事去做to do这一动作”， stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”，doing是停止的对象。本题意思是“我停下来，去找我的钢笔，但是没有找到”。此空填look for与后文的find相对应。
2．选C。can’t find my bag“找不到我的书包”，所以才有后文询问母亲“是否知道它在哪里”。
七、如何表达“歉意”：excuse me, sorry
[真题导航]
1. ——____ Is there a post office near here?
——Yes. Over there, behind the supermarket. （2007年浙江丽水市）
A. Sorry. B. Hello. C. Excuse me. D. Pardon?
2. ——Could you please not keep the water running?
——____. I’m turning off the shower. （2007年山西省临汾市）
A. OK, I will B. That’s all right C. Sorry, I won’t
[要点领悟]
excuse me用于要打扰某人、寻求帮助时的客套用语，如问路时；sorry用于做错了某事或给对方带来不便后，表示歉意。sorry还常用于拒绝对方请求的语境中。
[指点迷津]
1.选C。问路前常用excuse me。
2．选C。无故使水一直流着是一件不对的事，所以，答语中用Sorry, I won’t (keep the water running).与后文的I’m turning off the shower.意思一致。
[跟踪练习]
1. speak, say, tell, talk
① After coming, he ____ hello to everyone.
② Two men are ____ in front of the house.
③ Grandmother used to ____ us stories at night.
④ Could you ____ me what he ____ just now?
⑤ The students are ____ about the film in the room.
⑥ They can ____ English very well because they have been in England
for two years.
key:①said ②talking ③tell ④tell; said ⑤talking ⑥speak
2. a few, few, a little, little
① There are ____ apples left in the basket.
② There is ____ milk in the cup.
③ Michael knows ____ Japanese at all.
④ He’s going to borrow ____ books from the library.
⑤ I know much Japanese. But I know ____ French words at all.
key:①a few/few ②a little/little ③little ④a few ⑤few
3. listen(to), hear
① ____! Can you ____ birds singing?
② ____ the advice of your father and mother.
③ ——____ me. ——Sorry, I can’t ____ you. Louder, please.
④ I ____ someone knocking at the door.
key:①Listen, hear ②Listen to ③Listen to, hear ④heard
4. many, much, a lot of
① I have ____ work to do.
② There isn’t ____ rice in the bowl.
③ ____ children are listening to the radio.
④ Are there ____ apple trees in front of the house?
⑤ Were there ____ people at the meeting yesterday?
⑥ I’m sorry to give you so ____ trouble.
key:①much/a lot of ②much ③Many/A lot of ④many ⑤many
⑥much
5. date, day
① These ____ we are very busy.
② Today’s ____ is October 15.
③ ——Do you know what ____ it is? ——It’s Saturday.
④ ——What was the ____ yesterday? ——It was November 2.
key:①days ②date ③day ④date
6. look for, find
① Hello, Tom! Someone ____ you.
② That’s my book. I lost it two days ago. Who ____ it?
③ ____ you still ____ your bike, Alice?
④ At last Jack ____ a job in a computer company.
key:①is looking for ②found ③Are, looking for ④found