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技能是对相关知识的灵活运用，中考中对语言知识的考察已不是单纯的放在词汇的记忆上，而是考察学生对具体语言环境的识别、区分和灵活运用。由此可知：基础知识的把握的程度如何将应想着学生技能的发挥。下面本人对9Bunit3&4的知识点做一下浅析。
一、 重要短语：
9B3、4单元中包含很多的短语，短语是英美国家民族文化长期积淀的结果，它们具有自己内在的特殊含义，有时我们不能按照它们的字面意思去理解，因此，必须要牢记，下面列举一些常见的短语，让我们来共同作一下回顾。too many （太多修饰可数名词复数） / too much（太多修饰不可数名词） continue to the end 继续到最后 on one’s way back在某人回来的路上 on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上 on one’s way to school 在某人上学的路上 on one’s way to the factory 在某人去工厂的路上 Chinese paper cut 中国剪纸 get lost easily 容易迷路 be filled with/ be full of 充满…… the raising of the national flag 升旗仪式 Chinese—style garden 中国式园林 consist of=be made up of 包含 in ancient times 在古代 one of the wonders of the world 世界奇观之一 experience its beauty and greatness 体验它的美丽和雄伟 step by step 一步一步地 lie on two sides of Li River 位于漓江两岸 stand in different shapes 以不同的形状耸立着 see sth with one’s own eyes 亲眼目睹…… be open to the public 对公众开放 at sunrise every morning 每天早上在日出时 at sunset 在日落时watch the raising of the national flag 观看升国旗 in a hurry 匆忙地 the weather forecast 天气预报 leave for 离开……去…… the sights in Beijing 北京的风光 go sightseeing 去观光 the host city of the games 奥运会的主办城市 in total 总共？摇100— meter dash 一百米短跑 lose the gold medal for drug using 因使用药物而丢失金牌 hear of/ hear about 听说 care for /about 关心 the first man to walk on the moon 第一个在月球上行走的人 take one’s first flight 第一次坐飞机 take flying lessons 上飞行课 out of control 失去控制 under the control of...... 在……的控制下 for further research 为作进一步地研究 the pride of the whole world 全世界的骄傲 a country’s armed force 一个国家的武装力量 the theory of relativity？摇相对论 make a contribution to 对……做出贡献during one’s life 在某人的一生中 be unknown to sb 不为人知 devote ...... to sth /doing sth 奉献给…… give up everything for the others 为别人放弃一切 give up doing sth 放弃做某事 sb. be selected to do sth. 某人被选作做某事
二、 重点词汇及句型：
句型是语言的骨架，她把词汇和短语按照一定的要求和规则附着在自己身上，她对语言的特定要求也是独一无二的，中间不能出现混淆。如：
1. It is the biggest square in the world and is always filled with tourists.它是世界上最大的广场，总是挤满很多游客。
be filled with = be full of意思是“充满，装满”如：
The bag is filled with rice.= The bag is full of rice.这个袋子装满了大米。
2. Every day many tourists gather here early in the morning so that they can watch the raising of the national flag.每天许多游客一大早就聚集在这里，一片能观看升旗仪式。
raising是 raise的动名词形式。注意 raise 和 rise 的区别。Raise 是及物动词，意思是“举起，提起（某物）”；而rise 是不及物动词，意思是“（某物）上升，升起”。如：He raised his hand to get my attention.他举起手以引起我的注意。
Prices are rising all the time.物价一直在上涨。
3. It is one of the wonders of the world.它是世界奇观之一。这里的wonder 是名词，意思是“奇迹，奇观”。它还可以用作动词，意思是“感到惊奇，想知道”。如：The Great Wall is a wonder of China.长城是中国的一大奇观。 I wonder who will be the host of the charity show.我想知道谁会是慈善义演的主持人。
4. You can experience its beauty and greatness although it is very tiring to climb it step by step.尽管一步一步地攀登长城很累人，但你能领略到它的美丽和壮观。这里experience是动词，意思是“经历，领略”，它还可以用作名词，“经历，经验” 作“经历”讲，是可数名词，作“经验”讲 是不可数名词。如：
You will experience its defile if you climb Hua mountain step by step .
如果你一步一步攀登华山，你会领略到它的险峻。
This will be an experience you will never forget.这将是你永远不会忘记的一次经历。
5. It lies on the two sides of Li River.它位于漓江两岸。
这里lie 意思是“位于，坐落在”
另外lie 还有动词“平躺，平放”， 名词“说谎” 如：
China lies in Asia. 中国位于亚洲。
I found a wallet lying on the ground on my way home .在我回家的路上我发现地上有一个钱包。
Don’t tell a lie. 不要撒谎。
6. I hope you can visit my city one day！我希望有一天你能来参观我们的城市。
这里hope 是“希望” 的意思。我们可以说：hope to do ， hope+that从句.
如：I hope to go to Beijing one day = I hope I can go to Beijing one day .
但有时学生会和wish发生混淆，有些用法是它所独有的：wish sb sth ； wish sb to do sth ； wish +that 从句（ 从句语气一般是虚拟语气）如：
Wish you a happy new year ！祝你新年快乐！
I wish you to have a pleasant trip.
I wish I could be the host of the Spring Festival Gala （春晚）.（与事实相反）
7. Olympic Park is where the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games were held.
这里的where the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games were held.是一个表语从句，作is 的表语。相当于一个定语从句即：the place in which the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games were held.
8. Leave Japan for other countries.离开日本到别的国家去。
这里的leave A for B表示“离开A到B去，for 后引出去的目的地B。如：
The plane leaves for Shanghai at 6；00 am.飞机于上午六点飞往上海。
9. Who do you think is the greatest person （that has ever lived）， Eddie？.你认为谁是有史以来最伟大的人物。这里的that has ever lived 是定语从句，修饰其前面的person. 这里的that指的是人，因为在从句中作主语，所以不能省掉。
10. I’ve never heard of him.
这里的hear of = hear about意思是“听说”如：
I have never heard of /about this singer.我从没听说过这位歌手。
11. Neil Armstrong， the first man to walk on the moon， was born on 5th August 1930 in Ohio.尼尔.阿姆斯特朗，第一位登上月球的人，于1930，8，5 出生在（美国）俄亥俄州。
这里the first man to walk on the moon 是Neil Armstrong的同位语 如：
Mr wang， our Chinese teacher ，teaches very well.王老师，我们的语文老师教的很好。
12. He has been interested in flying ever since he took his first flight at the age of six.自他六岁时第一次乘飞机以后，他就一直对飞行感兴趣。
这里 become /be interested in 意思是“对……感兴趣”；interesting意思是“……有趣” 如：
I am interested in the film because it is very interesting .
类似的用法还有： surprised / surprising， amazed/amazing， excited/exciting， bored/ boring 等。
这里的at the age of six= when he was six years old.
13. Mission Control thought it was better to be safe than sorry.. 地面指挥人员认为还是稳妥为好，以免事后追悔莫及。
这里的better to be safe than sorry.= better to be safe than to be sorry 意思是“宁可事前谨慎有余，不要事后追悔莫及” 如：
We had better check the conditions of the car before starting our journey .It is better to be safe than sorry.上路前我们最好哦先检查一下车况，事后追悔，不如事前稳妥。
14. She married a Frenchmen called Pierre Curie there.在那儿她与一个叫皮埃尔.居里的法国人结了婚。
这里的marry是“结婚，嫁娶” 如：Kate married Jim last year.去年凯特嫁给了吉姆。
15. She will always be remembered for devoting her life to caring for the poor.人们将会永远记住她将自己的一生奉献在关心穷人上。
这里 devote...to doing...奉献…做某事 如：Dr Ma devoted all his life to curing the patients. 马医生将他一生奉献在治疗病人上。
三、 语法：
对于连词的把握也是学生的一个难点，我们要理解连词本身的含义，同时也要理解句子的之间的相互关系，才能使语义达到和谐的统一。
1. although引导让步状语从句。从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后，但如果放在主句前要加一个逗号。
Although there’s still a long way to go， we must continue to the end.
You can experience its beauty and greatness， although it is very tiring to climb it step by step.
2. unless = if not 引导条件状语从句。从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后，但如果放在主句前要加一个逗号。如：
Unless you have a map， you will get lost easily.除非你有地图，否则你会很容易迷路的。
Unless意思是“ 除非”， 相当于 if ... not 。这句话相当于You will get lost easily in it if you do not have a map.如：You will not pass the exam unless you work hard .= You will not pass the exam if you don’t work hard .除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。
3. so that与so...that..
一）、 so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此；所以”。如：
1. She bought a digital camera online _____she would save a lot of time.
A. so that B. as soon as
C. no matter D. such that
（答案为A）
二）、 so+形容词或副词+that ...引导结果状语从句。
（一） so+形容词或副词+that ...引导的肯定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以致于……”。如：
2. _____ fine day it is today！ —Yes， the sunshine is _____beautiful that I ‘d like to go swimming in the sea.
A. How， such B. What a， very
C. How， so D. What a， so
（答案为D）
（二） so+形容词或副词+that ...引导的否定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以致于不能……”。如：
3. The camera is _____expensive _____I can’t afford it. （单项选择）
A. so， that B. such， that
C. so， as to D. enough， that
（答案为A）
4. Miss Gao asked a question， but it was_____that nobody could answer it.
A. very difficult B. too difficult
C. difficult enough D. so difficult
（答案为D）
注意：当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，so ... that ...可以与be ... enough to do转换；当从句为否定句时，可以与too ... to ... 或be not ... enough to do转换。如：
5. David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper. （变为简单句）David was _____careless _____find the mistakes in his test paper. 6. A：The boy is so young that he can’t look after himself. B：The boy is not _____to look after himself.（改写句子，使B句与A句意思相近）（答案为old enough。）
so ... that ... 引导结果状语从句有时候可以与such ... that ...句型相互转换。如：
7. The stone is so heavy that I can’t lift it up. It is_____a heavy stone _____ I can’t lift it up.（改写句子）（答案为such， that）.
本单元中新增了一个语法项目，定语从句，我们要理解它的结构和内涵。
定语从句：
定语从句与其前面有名词有关连，我们不能把它去掉，因为它包含着重要的信息。如果我们把它去掉，那么句子表达的意思就不完整了。为此我们可以在定语从句中使用“who， which， that ” 来引导。如果先行词是人，关系代词可用Who或that；如果先行词是物关系代词可用which 或that。但如果先行词为不定式或有序数词、形容词最高级等修饰语，其后的关系代词一般用that.
1. It is said that Neil Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control （which said that large， strange objects landed near them and were watching them）.
2. Niel Armstrong is the person （who made people round the world realize that space exploration was truly possible）..
3. The equation （which/that Einstein worked out） is E= mc2.
4. On 20th July 1969， Armstrong became the first man （who walked on the moon）.
5. The most important award （that Armstrong got for his service） was the Medal of Freedom， the highest award （that a United States citizen can receive）.
对语言知识的整体把握是一个系统的语言工程，理解词汇的内涵、理解语言的结构，才能理清语言所传达的内在含义，用时才不会产生混淆。
（责任编辑：张静怡）
一、 重要短语：
9B3、4单元中包含很多的短语，短语是英美国家民族文化长期积淀的结果，它们具有自己内在的特殊含义，有时我们不能按照它们的字面意思去理解，因此，必须要牢记，下面列举一些常见的短语，让我们来共同作一下回顾。too many （太多修饰可数名词复数） / too much（太多修饰不可数名词） continue to the end 继续到最后 on one’s way back在某人回来的路上 on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上 on one’s way to school 在某人上学的路上 on one’s way to the factory 在某人去工厂的路上 Chinese paper cut 中国剪纸 get lost easily 容易迷路 be filled with/ be full of 充满…… the raising of the national flag 升旗仪式 Chinese—style garden 中国式园林 consist of=be made up of 包含 in ancient times 在古代 one of the wonders of the world 世界奇观之一 experience its beauty and greatness 体验它的美丽和雄伟 step by step 一步一步地 lie on two sides of Li River 位于漓江两岸 stand in different shapes 以不同的形状耸立着 see sth with one’s own eyes 亲眼目睹…… be open to the public 对公众开放 at sunrise every morning 每天早上在日出时 at sunset 在日落时watch the raising of the national flag 观看升国旗 in a hurry 匆忙地 the weather forecast 天气预报 leave for 离开……去…… the sights in Beijing 北京的风光 go sightseeing 去观光 the host city of the games 奥运会的主办城市 in total 总共？摇100— meter dash 一百米短跑 lose the gold medal for drug using 因使用药物而丢失金牌 hear of/ hear about 听说 care for /about 关心 the first man to walk on the moon 第一个在月球上行走的人 take one’s first flight 第一次坐飞机 take flying lessons 上飞行课 out of control 失去控制 under the control of...... 在……的控制下 for further research 为作进一步地研究 the pride of the whole world 全世界的骄傲 a country’s armed force 一个国家的武装力量 the theory of relativity？摇相对论 make a contribution to 对……做出贡献during one’s life 在某人的一生中 be unknown to sb 不为人知 devote ...... to sth /doing sth 奉献给…… give up everything for the others 为别人放弃一切 give up doing sth 放弃做某事 sb. be selected to do sth. 某人被选作做某事
二、 重点词汇及句型：
句型是语言的骨架，她把词汇和短语按照一定的要求和规则附着在自己身上，她对语言的特定要求也是独一无二的，中间不能出现混淆。如：
1. It is the biggest square in the world and is always filled with tourists.它是世界上最大的广场，总是挤满很多游客。
be filled with = be full of意思是“充满，装满”如：
The bag is filled with rice.= The bag is full of rice.这个袋子装满了大米。
2. Every day many tourists gather here early in the morning so that they can watch the raising of the national flag.每天许多游客一大早就聚集在这里，一片能观看升旗仪式。
raising是 raise的动名词形式。注意 raise 和 rise 的区别。Raise 是及物动词，意思是“举起，提起（某物）”；而rise 是不及物动词，意思是“（某物）上升，升起”。如：He raised his hand to get my attention.他举起手以引起我的注意。
Prices are rising all the time.物价一直在上涨。
3. It is one of the wonders of the world.它是世界奇观之一。这里的wonder 是名词，意思是“奇迹，奇观”。它还可以用作动词，意思是“感到惊奇，想知道”。如：The Great Wall is a wonder of China.长城是中国的一大奇观。 I wonder who will be the host of the charity show.我想知道谁会是慈善义演的主持人。
4. You can experience its beauty and greatness although it is very tiring to climb it step by step.尽管一步一步地攀登长城很累人，但你能领略到它的美丽和壮观。这里experience是动词，意思是“经历，领略”，它还可以用作名词，“经历，经验” 作“经历”讲，是可数名词，作“经验”讲 是不可数名词。如：
You will experience its defile if you climb Hua mountain step by step .
如果你一步一步攀登华山，你会领略到它的险峻。
This will be an experience you will never forget.这将是你永远不会忘记的一次经历。
5. It lies on the two sides of Li River.它位于漓江两岸。
这里lie 意思是“位于，坐落在”
另外lie 还有动词“平躺，平放”， 名词“说谎” 如：
China lies in Asia. 中国位于亚洲。
I found a wallet lying on the ground on my way home .在我回家的路上我发现地上有一个钱包。
Don’t tell a lie. 不要撒谎。
6. I hope you can visit my city one day！我希望有一天你能来参观我们的城市。
这里hope 是“希望” 的意思。我们可以说：hope to do ， hope+that从句.
如：I hope to go to Beijing one day = I hope I can go to Beijing one day .
但有时学生会和wish发生混淆，有些用法是它所独有的：wish sb sth ； wish sb to do sth ； wish +that 从句（ 从句语气一般是虚拟语气）如：
Wish you a happy new year ！祝你新年快乐！
I wish you to have a pleasant trip.
I wish I could be the host of the Spring Festival Gala （春晚）.（与事实相反）
7. Olympic Park is where the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games were held.
这里的where the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games were held.是一个表语从句，作is 的表语。相当于一个定语从句即：the place in which the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games were held.
8. Leave Japan for other countries.离开日本到别的国家去。
这里的leave A for B表示“离开A到B去，for 后引出去的目的地B。如：
The plane leaves for Shanghai at 6；00 am.飞机于上午六点飞往上海。
9. Who do you think is the greatest person （that has ever lived）， Eddie？.你认为谁是有史以来最伟大的人物。这里的that has ever lived 是定语从句，修饰其前面的person. 这里的that指的是人，因为在从句中作主语，所以不能省掉。
10. I’ve never heard of him.
这里的hear of = hear about意思是“听说”如：
I have never heard of /about this singer.我从没听说过这位歌手。
11. Neil Armstrong， the first man to walk on the moon， was born on 5th August 1930 in Ohio.尼尔.阿姆斯特朗，第一位登上月球的人，于1930，8，5 出生在（美国）俄亥俄州。
这里the first man to walk on the moon 是Neil Armstrong的同位语 如：
Mr wang， our Chinese teacher ，teaches very well.王老师，我们的语文老师教的很好。
12. He has been interested in flying ever since he took his first flight at the age of six.自他六岁时第一次乘飞机以后，他就一直对飞行感兴趣。
这里 become /be interested in 意思是“对……感兴趣”；interesting意思是“……有趣” 如：
I am interested in the film because it is very interesting .
类似的用法还有： surprised / surprising， amazed/amazing， excited/exciting， bored/ boring 等。
这里的at the age of six= when he was six years old.
13. Mission Control thought it was better to be safe than sorry.. 地面指挥人员认为还是稳妥为好，以免事后追悔莫及。
这里的better to be safe than sorry.= better to be safe than to be sorry 意思是“宁可事前谨慎有余，不要事后追悔莫及” 如：
We had better check the conditions of the car before starting our journey .It is better to be safe than sorry.上路前我们最好哦先检查一下车况，事后追悔，不如事前稳妥。
14. She married a Frenchmen called Pierre Curie there.在那儿她与一个叫皮埃尔.居里的法国人结了婚。
这里的marry是“结婚，嫁娶” 如：Kate married Jim last year.去年凯特嫁给了吉姆。
15. She will always be remembered for devoting her life to caring for the poor.人们将会永远记住她将自己的一生奉献在关心穷人上。
这里 devote...to doing...奉献…做某事 如：Dr Ma devoted all his life to curing the patients. 马医生将他一生奉献在治疗病人上。
三、 语法：
对于连词的把握也是学生的一个难点，我们要理解连词本身的含义，同时也要理解句子的之间的相互关系，才能使语义达到和谐的统一。
1. although引导让步状语从句。从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后，但如果放在主句前要加一个逗号。
Although there’s still a long way to go， we must continue to the end.
You can experience its beauty and greatness， although it is very tiring to climb it step by step.
2. unless = if not 引导条件状语从句。从句可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后，但如果放在主句前要加一个逗号。如：
Unless you have a map， you will get lost easily.除非你有地图，否则你会很容易迷路的。
Unless意思是“ 除非”， 相当于 if ... not 。这句话相当于You will get lost easily in it if you do not have a map.如：You will not pass the exam unless you work hard .= You will not pass the exam if you don’t work hard .除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。
3. so that与so...that..
一）、 so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此；所以”。如：
1. She bought a digital camera online _____she would save a lot of time.
A. so that B. as soon as
C. no matter D. such that
（答案为A）
二）、 so+形容词或副词+that ...引导结果状语从句。
（一） so+形容词或副词+that ...引导的肯定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以致于……”。如：
2. _____ fine day it is today！ —Yes， the sunshine is _____beautiful that I ‘d like to go swimming in the sea.
A. How， such B. What a， very
C. How， so D. What a， so
（答案为D）
（二） so+形容词或副词+that ...引导的否定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以致于不能……”。如：
3. The camera is _____expensive _____I can’t afford it. （单项选择）
A. so， that B. such， that
C. so， as to D. enough， that
（答案为A）
4. Miss Gao asked a question， but it was_____that nobody could answer it.
A. very difficult B. too difficult
C. difficult enough D. so difficult
（答案为D）
注意：当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，so ... that ...可以与be ... enough to do转换；当从句为否定句时，可以与too ... to ... 或be not ... enough to do转换。如：
5. David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper. （变为简单句）David was _____careless _____find the mistakes in his test paper. 6. A：The boy is so young that he can’t look after himself. B：The boy is not _____to look after himself.（改写句子，使B句与A句意思相近）（答案为old enough。）
so ... that ... 引导结果状语从句有时候可以与such ... that ...句型相互转换。如：
7. The stone is so heavy that I can’t lift it up. It is_____a heavy stone _____ I can’t lift it up.（改写句子）（答案为such， that）.
本单元中新增了一个语法项目，定语从句，我们要理解它的结构和内涵。
定语从句：
定语从句与其前面有名词有关连，我们不能把它去掉，因为它包含着重要的信息。如果我们把它去掉，那么句子表达的意思就不完整了。为此我们可以在定语从句中使用“who， which， that ” 来引导。如果先行词是人，关系代词可用Who或that；如果先行词是物关系代词可用which 或that。但如果先行词为不定式或有序数词、形容词最高级等修饰语，其后的关系代词一般用that.
1. It is said that Neil Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control （which said that large， strange objects landed near them and were watching them）.
2. Niel Armstrong is the person （who made people round the world realize that space exploration was truly possible）..
3. The equation （which/that Einstein worked out） is E= mc2.
4. On 20th July 1969， Armstrong became the first man （who walked on the moon）.
5. The most important award （that Armstrong got for his service） was the Medal of Freedom， the highest award （that a United States citizen can receive）.
对语言知识的整体把握是一个系统的语言工程，理解词汇的内涵、理解语言的结构，才能理清语言所传达的内在含义，用时才不会产生混淆。
（责任编辑：张静怡）