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【摘要】在英语中，当两个或两个以上的成分是指同一个事物（人），或者用甲事物（人）来补充，说明，解释乙事物（人），或者甲事物包含乙事物（人），我们即可以称甲事物为乙事物（人）的同位语。
【关键词】英语 同位语 表达方式
在英语中，当两个或两个以上的成分是指同一个事物（人），或者用甲事物（人）来补充，说明，解释乙事物（人），或者甲事物包含乙事物（人），我们即可以称甲事物为乙事物（人）的同位语。如：
1. 名词（词组）、代词、数词作同位语
We Chinese are hard-working and brave.我们中国人是勤劳勇敢的。
I have the honor to introduce John's sister Jane to you.我很荣幸地把约翰的妹妹介绍给你。
We humans can live in harmony with nature if an end can be put to pollutant of any kind.
The couple has two children， a boy and a girl.那对夫妇有两个孩子，一个男孩，一个女孩。
The two sisters both are doctors.两姐妹都是医生。
They all three go to school together every day.他们三个每天一块去上学。
Two of us， you and I are from Beijing.我们两个，你和我都来自北京。
To save class time， our teacher has us students do half of the homework in class， and complete the other half after school.
We are living in the “Information Age”， a time of new discoveries and great changes.
We consider Joe， a good player. 我们认为乔是个出色的运动员。
Mr.Bhang， a professor of our university， will give us a talk on the economic development next week.张先生，我们大学的教授，下周要给我们作有关经济发展的报告。
She，a friend of mine ， is a good teacher. 她是我的一个朋友，是个好老师.
2.普通名词+专有名词的同位语
Comrade Liu 刘同志，Cook Zhang张厨师，General Li 李将军， Nurse Zhou周护士
the painter Smith画家史密斯，King Geoge 乔治王，lawyer Joe乔律师the lady Mary 马丽女士
3.表示时间，地点等的抽象名词作同位语，常用“of ”短语
the city of Beijing， 北京城， the year of 2015 2015年，the month of March 五月
the habit of smoking 抽烟的习惯 the game of hide-and-seek 捉迷藏的游戏
引导同位语的词语有：
一、副词
They have done it for so many reasons， chiefly this one.他们有很多理由这样做，而主要是这一点。
Cotton grows well in the country，especially in the hotter places.這个国家适合种植棉花，特别是天气热的地方。
There remains only one problem， namely who should be sent to the village. 现在只有一个问题，即：派谁去那个村庄。
The director is not in， mostly in the office. 经理经常不在家，主要在办公室。
Rice grows well in the centry， particularly in the southern part.这个国家适合种植水稻，特别是南方地区。
The retired general has a walk in the park every day， mainly in the evening.那个退休将军每天都在公园散步，尤其是傍晚。
There are several developed countries in the world， specifically the U.S.，Britain and France.世界上有几个发达国家，具体是美国，英国和法国。
二、介词短语
He is a kind and warm-hearted man， in other words，he is easy-going and a pleasant fellow to work with.他是一个善良热心肠的人，换言之，他很随和，易于合作。
There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving， for instance， training lions.还有比开车更危险的事，例如训练狮子。
We have visited many cities， for example， Paris and London.我们参观过许多城市，例如巴黎和伦敦。 Jonathan is called Jon for short. Jonathan 简称Jon。
I like drinks such Astarte and coffee.我喜欢饮料，例如茶和咖啡。
Many great men have risen from poverty， for example ，Colin and Edison.许多名人都出身贫寒，例如林肯和爱迪生。
I will be free a week later， that is，I will go home to see my mother. 我一周之后有空，也就是说，我可以回家看望妈妈了。
There is one way of improving your English，that is to say，you should practice more.提高英语水平只有一个方法，也就是说，多练。
A great present ，or rather， a soluble dictionary，will be given to her.一件好礼物，确切地说，是一本珍贵的字典，将要送给她。
You can't fool me into doing such things， I won't do it， in short - no！ 你不能欺骗我做那种事，我不会干的，总之——不！
On their farm， there are only four kinds of animals，viz ，horses ，sheep，cows and pigs.他们的农场里只有四种动物，即：马，羊，牛和猪。
I have known only one among them，i.e.（=that is） the new comer.他们中间我只认识一个，即：那个新来的。
He likes to read only one kind of books，e.g.（=for example） the ones written by Dickens.他喜歡读的只有一种书，例如狄更斯写的。
She likes fruits， homotonous，in particular，are his favor ate.她喜欢水果，尤其是西红柿是他最喜欢的。
三、单词
As a builder and owner of the houses， Mr.Smith has lived in them for 30 years. 作为这些房屋的建设者和主人，史密斯先生在里面住了30年了。
Many people， including the villagers nearby， came to help us. 许多人，包括附近的村民都来帮助我们。
He has only one English pound，or twenty shillings.他现在只有一个英镑，即：20个先令。
四、不定式短语
To visit the Great Wall， that's a good idea.参观长城，这倒是一个好主意。
To force a gentleman to buy such kind of clothes， that's too foolish.强迫一个绅士购买这样的衣物，真是太愚蠢了。
The question what to do next haven't been solved yet.下一步要做什么的问题尚未解决。
Do keep your promise to write us.一定要遵守诺言给我们写信。
五、v+ing形式
Many people enjoy the excise， swimming in winter.许多人都喜欢这种锻炼，冬泳。
The young man tried to achieve the compassable， earning a milliohm dollars in a year.那个小伙子试图做不可能的事，一年挣一百万。
Asking them to join us， that is a good idea.邀请他们加盟，倒是个好主意。
The last plan， attacking in the night， was successful. 最后一个计划，夜袭， 成功了。
It includes advice on the following subjects， growing fruits and， vegetable， keeping cows and sheep.它包括如下内容：种水果蔬菜，饲养牛羊。
六、形容词词组
The villagers， old and young， came to greet the delegation from a foreign country.所有的村民，老老少少，都出来欢迎来自国外的那个代表团。
These two kinds of Coloured， red and yellow，are not his favorite.这两种颜色，红和黄，都不是他喜欢的。
All the countries，big or small， are equal.所有的国家，不论大小，一律平等。
All the people， Chinese and foreign， must obey the law.所有的人，不论中国人外国人，都必须遵守法律。
He read all kinds of books， ancient and modern， Chinese and foreign.他读过许多书，古代的，现代的，中国的，外国的。
七、破折号，冒号连接同位语
The orphan's daily necessities-clothes，food，etc-are supplied by a kind-hearted man.那个孤儿的日常需要-衣服，食品等 都由那个热心肠的人提供。
His friend——Joe， was one of his classmates.他的朋友-乔，曾经是他的一个同学。
He can speak three languages： English， Chinese and Spanish.他可以说3种语言：英语，汉语和西班牙语。
【关键词】英语 同位语 表达方式
在英语中，当两个或两个以上的成分是指同一个事物（人），或者用甲事物（人）来补充，说明，解释乙事物（人），或者甲事物包含乙事物（人），我们即可以称甲事物为乙事物（人）的同位语。如：
1. 名词（词组）、代词、数词作同位语
We Chinese are hard-working and brave.我们中国人是勤劳勇敢的。
I have the honor to introduce John's sister Jane to you.我很荣幸地把约翰的妹妹介绍给你。
We humans can live in harmony with nature if an end can be put to pollutant of any kind.
The couple has two children， a boy and a girl.那对夫妇有两个孩子，一个男孩，一个女孩。
The two sisters both are doctors.两姐妹都是医生。
They all three go to school together every day.他们三个每天一块去上学。
Two of us， you and I are from Beijing.我们两个，你和我都来自北京。
To save class time， our teacher has us students do half of the homework in class， and complete the other half after school.
We are living in the “Information Age”， a time of new discoveries and great changes.
We consider Joe， a good player. 我们认为乔是个出色的运动员。
Mr.Bhang， a professor of our university， will give us a talk on the economic development next week.张先生，我们大学的教授，下周要给我们作有关经济发展的报告。
She，a friend of mine ， is a good teacher. 她是我的一个朋友，是个好老师.
2.普通名词+专有名词的同位语
Comrade Liu 刘同志，Cook Zhang张厨师，General Li 李将军， Nurse Zhou周护士
the painter Smith画家史密斯，King Geoge 乔治王，lawyer Joe乔律师the lady Mary 马丽女士
3.表示时间，地点等的抽象名词作同位语，常用“of ”短语
the city of Beijing， 北京城， the year of 2015 2015年，the month of March 五月
the habit of smoking 抽烟的习惯 the game of hide-and-seek 捉迷藏的游戏
引导同位语的词语有：
一、副词
They have done it for so many reasons， chiefly this one.他们有很多理由这样做，而主要是这一点。
Cotton grows well in the country，especially in the hotter places.這个国家适合种植棉花，特别是天气热的地方。
There remains only one problem， namely who should be sent to the village. 现在只有一个问题，即：派谁去那个村庄。
The director is not in， mostly in the office. 经理经常不在家，主要在办公室。
Rice grows well in the centry， particularly in the southern part.这个国家适合种植水稻，特别是南方地区。
The retired general has a walk in the park every day， mainly in the evening.那个退休将军每天都在公园散步，尤其是傍晚。
There are several developed countries in the world， specifically the U.S.，Britain and France.世界上有几个发达国家，具体是美国，英国和法国。
二、介词短语
He is a kind and warm-hearted man， in other words，he is easy-going and a pleasant fellow to work with.他是一个善良热心肠的人，换言之，他很随和，易于合作。
There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving， for instance， training lions.还有比开车更危险的事，例如训练狮子。
We have visited many cities， for example， Paris and London.我们参观过许多城市，例如巴黎和伦敦。 Jonathan is called Jon for short. Jonathan 简称Jon。
I like drinks such Astarte and coffee.我喜欢饮料，例如茶和咖啡。
Many great men have risen from poverty， for example ，Colin and Edison.许多名人都出身贫寒，例如林肯和爱迪生。
I will be free a week later， that is，I will go home to see my mother. 我一周之后有空，也就是说，我可以回家看望妈妈了。
There is one way of improving your English，that is to say，you should practice more.提高英语水平只有一个方法，也就是说，多练。
A great present ，or rather， a soluble dictionary，will be given to her.一件好礼物，确切地说，是一本珍贵的字典，将要送给她。
You can't fool me into doing such things， I won't do it， in short - no！ 你不能欺骗我做那种事，我不会干的，总之——不！
On their farm， there are only four kinds of animals，viz ，horses ，sheep，cows and pigs.他们的农场里只有四种动物，即：马，羊，牛和猪。
I have known only one among them，i.e.（=that is） the new comer.他们中间我只认识一个，即：那个新来的。
He likes to read only one kind of books，e.g.（=for example） the ones written by Dickens.他喜歡读的只有一种书，例如狄更斯写的。
She likes fruits， homotonous，in particular，are his favor ate.她喜欢水果，尤其是西红柿是他最喜欢的。
三、单词
As a builder and owner of the houses， Mr.Smith has lived in them for 30 years. 作为这些房屋的建设者和主人，史密斯先生在里面住了30年了。
Many people， including the villagers nearby， came to help us. 许多人，包括附近的村民都来帮助我们。
He has only one English pound，or twenty shillings.他现在只有一个英镑，即：20个先令。
四、不定式短语
To visit the Great Wall， that's a good idea.参观长城，这倒是一个好主意。
To force a gentleman to buy such kind of clothes， that's too foolish.强迫一个绅士购买这样的衣物，真是太愚蠢了。
The question what to do next haven't been solved yet.下一步要做什么的问题尚未解决。
Do keep your promise to write us.一定要遵守诺言给我们写信。
五、v+ing形式
Many people enjoy the excise， swimming in winter.许多人都喜欢这种锻炼，冬泳。
The young man tried to achieve the compassable， earning a milliohm dollars in a year.那个小伙子试图做不可能的事，一年挣一百万。
Asking them to join us， that is a good idea.邀请他们加盟，倒是个好主意。
The last plan， attacking in the night， was successful. 最后一个计划，夜袭， 成功了。
It includes advice on the following subjects， growing fruits and， vegetable， keeping cows and sheep.它包括如下内容：种水果蔬菜，饲养牛羊。
六、形容词词组
The villagers， old and young， came to greet the delegation from a foreign country.所有的村民，老老少少，都出来欢迎来自国外的那个代表团。
These two kinds of Coloured， red and yellow，are not his favorite.这两种颜色，红和黄，都不是他喜欢的。
All the countries，big or small， are equal.所有的国家，不论大小，一律平等。
All the people， Chinese and foreign， must obey the law.所有的人，不论中国人外国人，都必须遵守法律。
He read all kinds of books， ancient and modern， Chinese and foreign.他读过许多书，古代的，现代的，中国的，外国的。
七、破折号，冒号连接同位语
The orphan's daily necessities-clothes，food，etc-are supplied by a kind-hearted man.那个孤儿的日常需要-衣服，食品等 都由那个热心肠的人提供。
His friend——Joe， was one of his classmates.他的朋友-乔，曾经是他的一个同学。
He can speak three languages： English， Chinese and Spanish.他可以说3种语言：英语，汉语和西班牙语。