空气质量旧日谈?日落之画有玄机

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  STEP 1 先脱离文字听一遍,总结研究人员得出的成果,然后简要回答以下问题:火山爆发会使日落颜色产生怎样的变化?在公元1500年至2000年之间,全世界一共发生过多少次火山大喷发?要计算出大气中携带了多少微粒,研究人员需要分析什么?
  STEP 2 现在听第二遍,对照文字检查刚刚的回答是否正确。
  A volcanic eruption[火山爆发] hurls[猛投] ash particles[微粒] and gas high into the sky. Once airborne[空气传播的], these substances[物质] circle the globe, scattering[散射] sunlight more and giving sunsets a redder color. The effect only lasts for a few years—but paintings by gifted artists can preserve[保存] it for centuries. And give us clues about past air quality.
  Between the years 1500 and 2000, some 50 major volcanic eruptions occurred[发生] all over the world. Meanwhile, artists painted thousands of sunsets.
  To see if such paintings could reveal atmospheric[大气的] info[信息], researchers analyzed highquality digital photos of the art for the balance of red and green colors along the horizon[地平线]. Based on the red-green ratio[比率], they calculated the amount of particles in the atmosphere[大气].
  These numbers indeed corresponded with[一致] recent volcanic eruptions. And they also reflected an increase in airborne particles after the industrial revolution. The research is in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.
  For much of human history, we had no instruments to measure air quality. But this study shows that great painters may shed light on[阐明] past pollution.
  火山爆发会把火山灰微粒和气体喷洒向高空。一旦进入空气,这些物质就会在整个地球上盘旋,加大阳光的散射程度,使得日落呈现出更红艳的景色。这种效果只会持续几年,但艺术大师的画作则能将此番景致保留几百年,还让我们从中了解到过去空气质量的情况。
  在公元1500年至2000年之间,全世界总共发生过近五十次火山大喷发;而在此期间,艺术家们绘制了数以千计的日落图。
  为了研究这些画作能否揭示大气方面的信息,研究人员对相关作品的高清数码照片进行分析,研究(画中)地平线上的红绿两色分布情况。基于这个红绿比例,他们能计算出大气中携带了多少微粒。
  这些数字确实与最近的火山爆发记录相一致,同时反映出大气中的微粒数量在工业革命以后有所增多。(他们将)上述研究发表在《大气化学和物理学》杂志上。
  在人类史的大部分时间里,我们一直缺乏可以测量空气质量的工具。但上述研究表明,伟大的画家或许能将昔年的污染情况尽现于我们眼前。
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  日落(Sunset)指太阳徐徐降下至西方的地平线下的过程,即夕阳时分,而确实的定义为日面完全没入地平线下的时间。日落的时候,太阳光因为受到地球大气层的影响而产生光散射,所以这时天空通常弥漫着漫天红霞。日落的颜色会因为地球的大气现象而增强,如自然界的云、烟、雾及人为制造的废气。此外,火山爆发所释放出的火山灰亦会产生影响。
  日落的颜色往往较日出的颜色亮丽,这是因为大气层受到了太阳光照射了一整天的缘故。此外,日落时分的大气层低空带比日出时分有着较多的灰尘,这是因为在日照的整天里,太阳光照射至地球的表面,降低了相对湿度,但增加了风速及湍流,而使得灰尘留在空气里。
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