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选用９１个普通小麦品种（系）和黑麦、小黑麦系各一个，利用黑麦基因组散布重复序列ＰＣＲ标记，检测普通小麦遗传背景下的１Ｂ／１Ｒ易位和黑麦染色体片段，探讨鉴别小麦Ｋ型雄性不育保持系的可行性。试验结果表明，在测交鉴定的９１个小麦品种（系）中，４９个是保持系，４２个具有不同程度的恢复力，测交一代自交结实率为６．０％～８１．１％。９１个供试品种（系）中４２个可扩增出目标ＤＮＡ片段，其中有３９个（占９２．８５％）是保持系。在４９个保持系中有３９个（占７９．５９％）是１Ｂ／１Ｒ易位系或具有黑麦血缘，另外１０个是非１Ｂ／１Ｒ易位系（占２０．４０％）。在有恢复力的４２个品种（系）中，有３９个（９２．８５％）是非１Ｂ／１Ｒ易位系，但恢复力高的品种（系）有限。利用该ＰＣＲ标记鉴别普通小麦遗传背景下的黑麦染色体片段具有快速、准确、可靠的优点，可用于检测１Ｂ／１Ｒ易位系，有效地鉴别小麦Ｋ型雄性不育保持系。
A total of 91 common wheat cultivars (lines) and one rye and one triticale were selected to detect the 1B / 1R translocation and the rye chromosome fragments in common wheat using the rye genome-wide repeats PCR marker Feasibility of wheat K type male sterile maintainer line. The results showed that among the 91 wheat varieties tested, 49 were maintainer lines, 42 had different degrees of restoring power, and the selfing percentages of crosses were between 6.0% and 81.1% . Of 91 tested cultivars (lines), 42 amplified target DNA fragments, of which 39 (92.85%) were maintainer lines. Of the 49 maintainer lines, 39 (79.59%) were 1B / 1R translocations or rye-derived and the other 10 were non-1B / 1R translocations (20.40%). Among the restoring 42 varieties (lines), 39 (92.85%) were non-1B / 1R translocations, but the restoring strains (lines) were limited. The PCR method can be used to identify the 1B / 1R translocation line and to identify the maintainer line of wheat K-type male sterility rapidly. It has the advantages of rapid, accurate and reliable identification of common rye chromosome segments in common wheat genetic background.