论文部分内容阅读
今年5月，好莱坞当红小生迪卡普里奥与柏林动物园的宠儿小北极熊克努特一起登上了美国著名杂志《名利场》的封面。紧接着，他又携环保新片《第十一小时》亮相戛纳，言谈中矛头直指全球气候变暖的问题。
在中国，王力宏在发布最新专辑《改变自己》时提出环保主题，专辑的包装用再生纸替代了传统材料，而且在中国台湾地区发行时还赠送了歌迷一双不锈钢筷子，呼吁大家尽量少用一次性筷子。
尽管有人批评明星此类种种举动不免有作秀的成分，但不可否认的是，正因为有了明星的加入，环保才渐渐成了一种时尚，一种潮流。这样子的作秀何乐而不为呢？
——Eva
They joined forces two years ago to combat global poverty under the flag of 1)Live 8, and rock and pop stars and their myriad fans around the world threw their voices behind a good cause again on July 7th 2007, this time that of raising awareness about global warming through a campaign called Live Earth.
In eight major concerts attended by hundreds of thousands and watched on television or the Web by many hundreds of millions more, local and international celebrities 2)backed solo and group acts to promote individual, corporate and government action to slow, even reverse, climate change.
The entire venture has 3)Al Gore as its guardian 4)guru. The former vice president’s environmental documentary An Inconvenient Truth inspired the American producer Kevin Wall to apply the formula he used to organize Live 8 to the fresh challenge of global warming. Mr. Gore enthusiastically backed the 24-hour 5)initiative.
“It’s the largest entertainment event in the history of the world,” he said on July 5th, with some 6)hyperbole, on CNN’s 7)Larry King Live, noting that an audience of two billion people was expected.
Starting at 8)Aussie Stadium in Sydney, the concerts were timed to spread west throughout the day, to Tokyo and Shanghai, to 9)Johannesburg, to 10)Hamburg, Germany, to Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, then on to Giants Stadium in East Rutherford, 11)N.J., and a smaller event in Washington, as well as London.
The show at Wembley Stadium, which, only a week ago, was the site of a huge concert in memory of Diana, Princess of Wales, offered one of the liveliest 12)lineups of rock stars.
It opened, under the early afternoon sun, with 13)Phil Collins and 14)Genesis, and ended after dark, with Madonna as the show-stopping finale.
In other cities, well-known performers included: 15)Crowded House and Jack Johnson, in Sydney; 16)Linkin Park and 17)Rihanna, in Tokyo; 18)Sarah Brightman, in Shanghai; 19)Baaba Maal, in Johannesburg; 20)Chris Cornell, 21)Shakira and 22)Snoop Doggy, in Hamburg; and 23)Lenny Kravitz and 24)Pharrell Williams, in Rio de Janeiro.
At Giants Stadium the temperature hovered near 90 degrees as the crowd, numbered 52,000, filled the seats on se-veral levels of the stadium. Wearing hats and sunscreen to guard against the glare of the sun, they 25)bobbed enthusiastically to the music from the stage.
One of the most rousing responses of the afternoon came barely 45 minutes into the marathon show, when Al Gore, bounded onto the stage wearing jeans and a black shirt. “You are Live Earth!” he told the crowd, and then thanked performers for participating in a “global effort to solve the climate crisis.”
As he spoke, a 26)montage of 27)grainy black and white images playing on a screen above the stage depicted an abandoned car, a freighter 28)stranded high and dry on a beach, and a polar bear plunging into water.
A moment later, Keith Urban, joined by 29)Alicia Keys, launched into a 30)droning, 31)apocalyptic cover version of Gimme Shelter by the 32)Rolling Stones, as the audience clapped and stomped along.
For all the public interest in the environment, Live Earth has also been sharply criticized, notably in Britain by 33)Bob Geldof, the singer who played a central role in promoting Live 8.
“Live Earth doesn’t have a final goal,” he said in May, adding that it would be useful only if it forced politicians and corporations to announce concrete environmental measures.
34)Arctic Monkeys’ drummer, Matt Helders, was also outspoken, saying it would be “a bit 35)patronizing” to think his youthful group could change the world. “Especially when we’re using enough power for 10 houses just for lighting, it would be a bit 36)hypocritical,” he told 37)Agence France-Presse, after a recent concert in Paris.
In the newspapers, even harsher criticism has been leveled at the energy-expending ha-bits of many performers, some of whom, it has been reported, flew their private planes halfway across the world to play in the concerts.
“The Artists Formerly Known as Huge Carbon Footprints” was the acerbic headline of a newspaper commentary by 38)Marina Hyde in The 39)Guardian on July 7th.
Mr. Gore and Mr. Wall have tried to answer those cri-tics, responding to Mr. Geldof’s 40)snipe about goals by asking the public to commit to a seven-point pledge.
It includes demanding an international treaty to cut carbon emissions by 90 percent, working for energy efficiency at home and in the workplace and reducing individual carbon pollution to become “carbon neutral.”
Live Earth’s organizers also said the rocks concerts were the “greenest” ever held, with recyclable materials used wherever possible. Profits are to go to the 41)Alliance for Climate Protection, led by Mr. Gore and other ecological groups.
两年前，他们团结在Live 8这面旗帜下与全球贫困作斗争。2007年7月7日，摇滚和流行乐明星与他们众多的粉丝一起再一次为了一项伟大的事业而放声歌唱。而这一次，他们为之献声的活动是Live Earth巨星环保音乐节，其目的是为了提高人们对全球变暖现象的认识。
这八场大型演唱会有数十万人在现场观看，同时还有数亿人通过电视或网络观看。在音乐会上，各地本土和国际名人通过支持个人以及团队表演来敦促个人、企业和各国政府采取行动，减缓乃至逆转全球气候变化的趋势。
艾尔·戈尔是整个活动的精神导师。这位美国前副总统主演的环保纪录片《难以忽视的真相》给了美国制片人凯文·沃尔以灵感，他把自己曾组织过的Live 8演出的模式用在宣传如何应对全球变暖这个新的挑战上，而戈尔热情地支持这项长达24小时的活动的提议。
戈尔7月5日在CNN的《拉里·金现场》节目中提到全球将会有20亿观众观赏这次音乐会。他略带夸张地说：“这是世界历史上最盛大的娱乐事件。”
音乐节在悉尼的澳洲体育馆拉开序幕。在一天内，它会按计划向西依次在东京、上海、约翰内斯堡、德国汉堡、里约热内卢的库帕卡马纳海滩，然后是美国新泽西州的东卢瑟福特的巨人体育场陆续登场。而后在华盛顿和伦敦还有规模稍小的音乐会。
就在一周前，伦敦温布利露天体育馆才刚举办了纪念威尔士王妃戴安娜的大型音乐会，而这次它推出的是最富活力的摇滚明星阵容。
在午后的阳光下，音乐会以菲尔·科林斯和创世纪乐队的表演拉开序幕，并在入夜后结束，压轴节目是麦当娜的演出。
在其他城市的音乐会上，知名的表演者包括在悉尼的拥挤的房子乐队和杰克·约翰逊；在东京的林肯公园乐队和蕾哈娜；在上海的莎拉·布莱曼；在约翰内斯堡的巴巴·马尔；在汉堡的克里斯·康纳尔、夏奇拉和史诺普·狗狗；在里约热内卢的蓝尼·克罗维兹和法瑞尔·威廉姆斯。
在巨人体育场内，接近华氏90度的高温下，场内几层的座位坐满了多达52000人的观众。他们戴着帽子，涂了防晒油来阻挡刺眼的阳光，并兴奋地随着台上的音乐节奏舞动。
那天下午最引起现场一片轰动的是，当这个马拉松式的演出刚刚进行了45分钟时，艾
尔·戈尔身穿牛仔裤和黑衬衣跳到台上。他对观众说：“你们就是Live Earth！”然后，他向参与“全球努力化解气候危机”活动的表演者们致谢。
就在他发言的同时，舞台上方的屏幕上出现了一系列跳接的粗颗粒黑白画面：一辆被遗弃的车、一艘在海滩上搁浅的货轮和一只跳进水中的北极熊。
几分钟后，凯斯·厄尔本和艾莉西娅·凯斯一起以低沉平板、充满末日情绪的声音翻唱了滚石乐队的歌曲《给我庇护》。台下观众也一道拍掌、踏脚。
虽然Live Earth为了公众利益大力宣传环保，但人们也对它提出了尖锐的批评，其中引人注目的批评者是英国歌手鲍勃·盖尔多夫，他曾在推广Live 8的活动中扮演重要角色。
他在5月份曾说：“Live Earth没有一个终极目标”，他认为该活动只有迫使政客和大企业提出切实的环保措施才算是有实效。
北极猴乐队（编者注：参加该演唱会的乐队之一）的鼓手马特·海尔德斯也直言不讳，他表示，如果以为他那年轻的乐队能够改变世界，那就是“有点儿自命不凡”了。“特别是当我们光是照明就用了足够十幢房子使用的电力时，再唱高调就会显得有点儿虚伪了。”他最近在巴黎的一个音乐会结束后对法新社的记者如是说。
报纸把枪口对准参加这场演唱会演出的许多有不良耗能习惯的艺人，向他们提出了更严厉的批评。据报道，其中一些表演者是乘坐私人飞机，飞越半个地球前来参与此场音乐会的演出。
在7月7日的英国《卫报》上，玛丽娜 · 海德的评论文章标题语言尖刻：《这些曾以碳排量惊人而闻名的艺人》。
戈尔先生和沃尔先生试图通过要求公众履行七条承诺，来回应各方的批评意见和盖尔多夫先生关于活动没有目标的抨击。
这七条承诺包括要求制定一个以减少90%碳排放为目的的国际条约，在家庭和工作场所为提高能源的有效利用率而努力，以及减少个人造成的碳污染，做到“碳零排放”。
Live Earth的组织方同时声称，这一系列的摇滚音乐会是有史以来最环保的，尽可能地使用了可回收的材料。而音乐会的收益将会捐给由戈尔先生及其他生态团体领导的气候保护联盟。
在中国，王力宏在发布最新专辑《改变自己》时提出环保主题，专辑的包装用再生纸替代了传统材料，而且在中国台湾地区发行时还赠送了歌迷一双不锈钢筷子，呼吁大家尽量少用一次性筷子。
尽管有人批评明星此类种种举动不免有作秀的成分，但不可否认的是，正因为有了明星的加入，环保才渐渐成了一种时尚，一种潮流。这样子的作秀何乐而不为呢？
——Eva
They joined forces two years ago to combat global poverty under the flag of 1)Live 8, and rock and pop stars and their myriad fans around the world threw their voices behind a good cause again on July 7th 2007, this time that of raising awareness about global warming through a campaign called Live Earth.
In eight major concerts attended by hundreds of thousands and watched on television or the Web by many hundreds of millions more, local and international celebrities 2)backed solo and group acts to promote individual, corporate and government action to slow, even reverse, climate change.
The entire venture has 3)Al Gore as its guardian 4)guru. The former vice president’s environmental documentary An Inconvenient Truth inspired the American producer Kevin Wall to apply the formula he used to organize Live 8 to the fresh challenge of global warming. Mr. Gore enthusiastically backed the 24-hour 5)initiative.
“It’s the largest entertainment event in the history of the world,” he said on July 5th, with some 6)hyperbole, on CNN’s 7)Larry King Live, noting that an audience of two billion people was expected.
Starting at 8)Aussie Stadium in Sydney, the concerts were timed to spread west throughout the day, to Tokyo and Shanghai, to 9)Johannesburg, to 10)Hamburg, Germany, to Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, then on to Giants Stadium in East Rutherford, 11)N.J., and a smaller event in Washington, as well as London.
The show at Wembley Stadium, which, only a week ago, was the site of a huge concert in memory of Diana, Princess of Wales, offered one of the liveliest 12)lineups of rock stars.
It opened, under the early afternoon sun, with 13)Phil Collins and 14)Genesis, and ended after dark, with Madonna as the show-stopping finale.
In other cities, well-known performers included: 15)Crowded House and Jack Johnson, in Sydney; 16)Linkin Park and 17)Rihanna, in Tokyo; 18)Sarah Brightman, in Shanghai; 19)Baaba Maal, in Johannesburg; 20)Chris Cornell, 21)Shakira and 22)Snoop Doggy, in Hamburg; and 23)Lenny Kravitz and 24)Pharrell Williams, in Rio de Janeiro.
At Giants Stadium the temperature hovered near 90 degrees as the crowd, numbered 52,000, filled the seats on se-veral levels of the stadium. Wearing hats and sunscreen to guard against the glare of the sun, they 25)bobbed enthusiastically to the music from the stage.
One of the most rousing responses of the afternoon came barely 45 minutes into the marathon show, when Al Gore, bounded onto the stage wearing jeans and a black shirt. “You are Live Earth!” he told the crowd, and then thanked performers for participating in a “global effort to solve the climate crisis.”
As he spoke, a 26)montage of 27)grainy black and white images playing on a screen above the stage depicted an abandoned car, a freighter 28)stranded high and dry on a beach, and a polar bear plunging into water.
A moment later, Keith Urban, joined by 29)Alicia Keys, launched into a 30)droning, 31)apocalyptic cover version of Gimme Shelter by the 32)Rolling Stones, as the audience clapped and stomped along.
For all the public interest in the environment, Live Earth has also been sharply criticized, notably in Britain by 33)Bob Geldof, the singer who played a central role in promoting Live 8.
“Live Earth doesn’t have a final goal,” he said in May, adding that it would be useful only if it forced politicians and corporations to announce concrete environmental measures.
34)Arctic Monkeys’ drummer, Matt Helders, was also outspoken, saying it would be “a bit 35)patronizing” to think his youthful group could change the world. “Especially when we’re using enough power for 10 houses just for lighting, it would be a bit 36)hypocritical,” he told 37)Agence France-Presse, after a recent concert in Paris.
In the newspapers, even harsher criticism has been leveled at the energy-expending ha-bits of many performers, some of whom, it has been reported, flew their private planes halfway across the world to play in the concerts.
“The Artists Formerly Known as Huge Carbon Footprints” was the acerbic headline of a newspaper commentary by 38)Marina Hyde in The 39)Guardian on July 7th.
Mr. Gore and Mr. Wall have tried to answer those cri-tics, responding to Mr. Geldof’s 40)snipe about goals by asking the public to commit to a seven-point pledge.
It includes demanding an international treaty to cut carbon emissions by 90 percent, working for energy efficiency at home and in the workplace and reducing individual carbon pollution to become “carbon neutral.”
Live Earth’s organizers also said the rocks concerts were the “greenest” ever held, with recyclable materials used wherever possible. Profits are to go to the 41)Alliance for Climate Protection, led by Mr. Gore and other ecological groups.
两年前，他们团结在Live 8这面旗帜下与全球贫困作斗争。2007年7月7日，摇滚和流行乐明星与他们众多的粉丝一起再一次为了一项伟大的事业而放声歌唱。而这一次，他们为之献声的活动是Live Earth巨星环保音乐节，其目的是为了提高人们对全球变暖现象的认识。
这八场大型演唱会有数十万人在现场观看，同时还有数亿人通过电视或网络观看。在音乐会上，各地本土和国际名人通过支持个人以及团队表演来敦促个人、企业和各国政府采取行动，减缓乃至逆转全球气候变化的趋势。
艾尔·戈尔是整个活动的精神导师。这位美国前副总统主演的环保纪录片《难以忽视的真相》给了美国制片人凯文·沃尔以灵感，他把自己曾组织过的Live 8演出的模式用在宣传如何应对全球变暖这个新的挑战上，而戈尔热情地支持这项长达24小时的活动的提议。
戈尔7月5日在CNN的《拉里·金现场》节目中提到全球将会有20亿观众观赏这次音乐会。他略带夸张地说：“这是世界历史上最盛大的娱乐事件。”
音乐节在悉尼的澳洲体育馆拉开序幕。在一天内，它会按计划向西依次在东京、上海、约翰内斯堡、德国汉堡、里约热内卢的库帕卡马纳海滩，然后是美国新泽西州的东卢瑟福特的巨人体育场陆续登场。而后在华盛顿和伦敦还有规模稍小的音乐会。
就在一周前，伦敦温布利露天体育馆才刚举办了纪念威尔士王妃戴安娜的大型音乐会，而这次它推出的是最富活力的摇滚明星阵容。
在午后的阳光下，音乐会以菲尔·科林斯和创世纪乐队的表演拉开序幕，并在入夜后结束，压轴节目是麦当娜的演出。
在其他城市的音乐会上，知名的表演者包括在悉尼的拥挤的房子乐队和杰克·约翰逊；在东京的林肯公园乐队和蕾哈娜；在上海的莎拉·布莱曼；在约翰内斯堡的巴巴·马尔；在汉堡的克里斯·康纳尔、夏奇拉和史诺普·狗狗；在里约热内卢的蓝尼·克罗维兹和法瑞尔·威廉姆斯。
在巨人体育场内，接近华氏90度的高温下，场内几层的座位坐满了多达52000人的观众。他们戴着帽子，涂了防晒油来阻挡刺眼的阳光，并兴奋地随着台上的音乐节奏舞动。
那天下午最引起现场一片轰动的是，当这个马拉松式的演出刚刚进行了45分钟时，艾
尔·戈尔身穿牛仔裤和黑衬衣跳到台上。他对观众说：“你们就是Live Earth！”然后，他向参与“全球努力化解气候危机”活动的表演者们致谢。
就在他发言的同时，舞台上方的屏幕上出现了一系列跳接的粗颗粒黑白画面：一辆被遗弃的车、一艘在海滩上搁浅的货轮和一只跳进水中的北极熊。
几分钟后，凯斯·厄尔本和艾莉西娅·凯斯一起以低沉平板、充满末日情绪的声音翻唱了滚石乐队的歌曲《给我庇护》。台下观众也一道拍掌、踏脚。
虽然Live Earth为了公众利益大力宣传环保，但人们也对它提出了尖锐的批评，其中引人注目的批评者是英国歌手鲍勃·盖尔多夫，他曾在推广Live 8的活动中扮演重要角色。
他在5月份曾说：“Live Earth没有一个终极目标”，他认为该活动只有迫使政客和大企业提出切实的环保措施才算是有实效。
北极猴乐队（编者注：参加该演唱会的乐队之一）的鼓手马特·海尔德斯也直言不讳，他表示，如果以为他那年轻的乐队能够改变世界，那就是“有点儿自命不凡”了。“特别是当我们光是照明就用了足够十幢房子使用的电力时，再唱高调就会显得有点儿虚伪了。”他最近在巴黎的一个音乐会结束后对法新社的记者如是说。
报纸把枪口对准参加这场演唱会演出的许多有不良耗能习惯的艺人，向他们提出了更严厉的批评。据报道，其中一些表演者是乘坐私人飞机，飞越半个地球前来参与此场音乐会的演出。
在7月7日的英国《卫报》上，玛丽娜 · 海德的评论文章标题语言尖刻：《这些曾以碳排量惊人而闻名的艺人》。
戈尔先生和沃尔先生试图通过要求公众履行七条承诺，来回应各方的批评意见和盖尔多夫先生关于活动没有目标的抨击。
这七条承诺包括要求制定一个以减少90%碳排放为目的的国际条约，在家庭和工作场所为提高能源的有效利用率而努力，以及减少个人造成的碳污染，做到“碳零排放”。
Live Earth的组织方同时声称，这一系列的摇滚音乐会是有史以来最环保的，尽可能地使用了可回收的材料。而音乐会的收益将会捐给由戈尔先生及其他生态团体领导的气候保护联盟。