名词充当状语是文言文中常见的语法现象,本文谈谈文言文名词状语的鉴别方法。 (一)名词状语与主语的区别。名词状语位于谓语之前,同主语所处的位置相同,形式相似;有时候在谓语前同时出现名词状语和主语,容易混淆。怎样区别呢? 第一,一个名词不能施行谓语的动作行为,常常是状语。如《愚公移山》中“箕畚运于渤海之尾”,“箕畚”处于主语位置,但它不能施行“运”的动作,不能充当主语,便推知“箕畚”是名词状语。第二,名词和谓语如果是陈述和被陈述关系,这个名词是主语;如果是修饰和被修饰关系,这个名词是状 The use of nouns as adverbials is a common grammatical phenomenon in classical Chinese. This article talks about the identification methods of noun adverbials in classical Chinese. (A) The difference between the nominal adverbial and the subject. The noun adverbial is located before the predicate, and is in the same position and in the same form as the subject. Sometimes the noun adverbial and subject appear at the same time before the predicate, which is easy to confuse. How to distinguish it? First, a noun can not perform predicate action behavior, often adverbial. For example, in “Folk Yugong”, “Luck in the tail of the Bohai Sea,” “箕畚” is in the position of the subject, but it cannot carry out the “move” action and cannot act as the subject, and infers that “箕畚” is a noun adverbial. Second, if the noun and the predicate are the statement and the stated relationship, the noun is the subject; if it is the relationship between the modification and the modification, the noun is like