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阅读理解力来是中考英语中篇幅最大，计分最高的题。随着现代英语教学要求的提高，考查考生能力和运用的要求也越来越高。要做好阅读理解题考生需要具备以下能力：对英语有较大兴趣、较大词汇量、相当高的阅读能力、归纳和阅读文章要旨和大意的能力、领会或推测文章的隐含意义的能力等。 阅读理解常见的几种题型：客观细节题、词义猜测题、归纳综合题、推理判断题。现根据我多年的教学经验，推荐这几种题型的答题方法和技巧，供大家参考。
一.细节理解法
细节理解题是阅读理解中最常见的题型，几乎每篇阅读文章中都有客观细节题。细节理解题一般包括直接理解题、语意转化题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。做这类题我们可以先快速浏览文章，再带着问题去细读，扫描和搜索信息点，跳过与题目不相关的句子和语段。在相关区域放慢速度，仔细地对照原文和选项提供的信息找到正确答案。例：
Basketball stars become hip-hop singers . Tt’s true. In the NBA，hip-hop music is very popular. Many of the players， like Shaquille O’Neal of the Los Angeles Lakers， write rap words when they travel on planes from one city to another. Some of them even have rap radio shows and others perform in music video.
Many basketball players in the NBA like-____.
A. Hip-hop music B. country music C. American singers D. dancing
解析：文中的In the NBA ，hip-hop music is very popular可知。题目信息对原文进行了改写，故答案选A。
二.词义猜测法
词义猜测题是中考阅读理解必考题型。它不但要求考生准确无误地理解上下文，而且要求考生掌握或認识较多的课外词汇。我们应该学会通过构词法、定义、同位关系、对比关系、因果关系、同义关系、反义关系及上下文线索等确定词义。
例：
Your fifteen-year-old sister’s manners are （deplorable） . You should have been there when she ate at our house the other night . She kept reaching across the table for everything without even excusing herself .she burped（打嗝）a dozen times and looked like she was really proud of her achievement. And when we had ice-cream for dersert，she ate hers with her fingers.
What does “delorable”mean？
A.Awful B.Deeply thoughtful C. Cute or pleasing. D.Enjoying good food.
解析：文章中“She kept reaching across…..”对她就餐及吃甜点时一系列行为的描述可判断出，delorable与awful意思相近。故选A。
三.主旨大意法
主旨大意法在阅读理解中十分常见，难度比较大，要求我们通过阅读全文，把握中心思想，概括和归纳出文章的主旨大意。主旨大意题考查的内容包括文章标题、中心话题、段落大意、作者观点等。一般说来，主题句位于文章或段落的开头或结尾，表达一个中心或主题，其他内容都是针对这一主题句的拓展或说明。做主旨大意题的关键是找到主题句并进行高度的概括。例：
I have many hobbies， and the oldest of them I guess is dancing.I love dancing .I think dancing can help me keep healthy ，and it is a good way of expressing one’s feelings.I used to collect stamps when I was about seven years old，but I lost interest in it when I went into middle school .Another hobby of mine is reading.I started reading when I was three，and I usually don’t put a book down until I have finished it.I still love to read now .
What is the passage mainly about？
A.dancing B. stamps C. hobbies D. books
解析：文中谈及了选项中的所有内容：跳舞、邮票、爱好和书籍。根据第一句“I have many hobbies.”可知文章主要介绍作者的爱好，故答案选C。
四.推理判断法
推理判断法主要用来解答阅读理解中的推理判断题。推理判断题属于高层次的阅读理解题，相对而言，难度较大。属于压柱题。做这类题时，一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间去体会作者的舷外之音。 例：
“Cool”is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold.As the world has changed， the word has also got many different meanings.“Cool”can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything.
Many of us make use of many other meanings of the word“cool”in our daily life .We can use it instead of many words such as new or surprising. Here is an interesting story showing the way how the word is used.A teater asked her students to write about the science museum they have visited.On one student’s paper there’s only one sentence，“It’s cool.”Maybe he thought that was the best way to show what he saw and felt.
But the story also shows that some students don’t have enough words to express themselves.Without the word cool，some people have no better words to say what they want.Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word cool？ I can . And I think they are also very cool.
The writer gives an example to show he is_______the way the word is used.
A.pleased with B.excited about C.worried about D.careful with
解析：cool用來代替各种不同意义的单词，用一个故事，表述如果没有“cool”这个词，有些人就没有更好的词表达想说的。再结合only， maybe， best等修饰词，可以推断出这些词的隐含意义和作者的舷外之音——担心人们常常用cool替代其他词汇，而忘了其他词汇。故选C.。
一.细节理解法
细节理解题是阅读理解中最常见的题型，几乎每篇阅读文章中都有客观细节题。细节理解题一般包括直接理解题、语意转化题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。做这类题我们可以先快速浏览文章，再带着问题去细读，扫描和搜索信息点，跳过与题目不相关的句子和语段。在相关区域放慢速度，仔细地对照原文和选项提供的信息找到正确答案。例：
Basketball stars become hip-hop singers . Tt’s true. In the NBA，hip-hop music is very popular. Many of the players， like Shaquille O’Neal of the Los Angeles Lakers， write rap words when they travel on planes from one city to another. Some of them even have rap radio shows and others perform in music video.
Many basketball players in the NBA like-____.
A. Hip-hop music B. country music C. American singers D. dancing
解析：文中的In the NBA ，hip-hop music is very popular可知。题目信息对原文进行了改写，故答案选A。
二.词义猜测法
词义猜测题是中考阅读理解必考题型。它不但要求考生准确无误地理解上下文，而且要求考生掌握或認识较多的课外词汇。我们应该学会通过构词法、定义、同位关系、对比关系、因果关系、同义关系、反义关系及上下文线索等确定词义。
例：
Your fifteen-year-old sister’s manners are （deplorable） . You should have been there when she ate at our house the other night . She kept reaching across the table for everything without even excusing herself .she burped（打嗝）a dozen times and looked like she was really proud of her achievement. And when we had ice-cream for dersert，she ate hers with her fingers.
What does “delorable”mean？
A.Awful B.Deeply thoughtful C. Cute or pleasing. D.Enjoying good food.
解析：文章中“She kept reaching across…..”对她就餐及吃甜点时一系列行为的描述可判断出，delorable与awful意思相近。故选A。
三.主旨大意法
主旨大意法在阅读理解中十分常见，难度比较大，要求我们通过阅读全文，把握中心思想，概括和归纳出文章的主旨大意。主旨大意题考查的内容包括文章标题、中心话题、段落大意、作者观点等。一般说来，主题句位于文章或段落的开头或结尾，表达一个中心或主题，其他内容都是针对这一主题句的拓展或说明。做主旨大意题的关键是找到主题句并进行高度的概括。例：
I have many hobbies， and the oldest of them I guess is dancing.I love dancing .I think dancing can help me keep healthy ，and it is a good way of expressing one’s feelings.I used to collect stamps when I was about seven years old，but I lost interest in it when I went into middle school .Another hobby of mine is reading.I started reading when I was three，and I usually don’t put a book down until I have finished it.I still love to read now .
What is the passage mainly about？
A.dancing B. stamps C. hobbies D. books
解析：文中谈及了选项中的所有内容：跳舞、邮票、爱好和书籍。根据第一句“I have many hobbies.”可知文章主要介绍作者的爱好，故答案选C。
四.推理判断法
推理判断法主要用来解答阅读理解中的推理判断题。推理判断题属于高层次的阅读理解题，相对而言，难度较大。属于压柱题。做这类题时，一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间去体会作者的舷外之音。 例：
“Cool”is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold.As the world has changed， the word has also got many different meanings.“Cool”can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything.
Many of us make use of many other meanings of the word“cool”in our daily life .We can use it instead of many words such as new or surprising. Here is an interesting story showing the way how the word is used.A teater asked her students to write about the science museum they have visited.On one student’s paper there’s only one sentence，“It’s cool.”Maybe he thought that was the best way to show what he saw and felt.
But the story also shows that some students don’t have enough words to express themselves.Without the word cool，some people have no better words to say what they want.Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word cool？ I can . And I think they are also very cool.
The writer gives an example to show he is_______the way the word is used.
A.pleased with B.excited about C.worried about D.careful with
解析：cool用來代替各种不同意义的单词，用一个故事，表述如果没有“cool”这个词，有些人就没有更好的词表达想说的。再结合only， maybe， best等修饰词，可以推断出这些词的隐含意义和作者的舷外之音——担心人们常常用cool替代其他词汇，而忘了其他词汇。故选C.。