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目前我国的阶梯电价体现不出居民用电差异,不能体现电力负担的公平合理,阶梯电价模式过于单一。分档次数是整个阶梯电价方案的基石,只有确定好合适的分档次数才能确定分档电量与分档电价。本文选取基尼系数和居民生活用电量离散系数两个指标,运用秩和比法,对阶梯电价分档次数进行优化,提出适应不同地区分档次数划分方法。研究结果表明,确立阶梯电价的分档次数应结合各地用电情况,充分体现居民生活用电和收入水平差异;分档次数的确定要有利于节能初衷的实现,应基于公平和效益的原则确定具体的分档次数;阶梯电价分档次数应保留动态调整的空间,应根据居民收入、用电量的变动和电力供求的状况适时调整。
At present, the price of ladder electricity in our country can not reflect the difference of residents’ electricity consumption, can not reflect the fair and reasonable electricity burden, and the ladder price model is too single. Fractional number is the cornerstone of the entire ladder price program, only to determine the right number of sub-file to determine the sub-file power and sub-file price. This paper selects two indexes of Gini coefficient and residential electricity consumption dispersion coefficient, and uses rank sum ratio method to optimize the number of steps electricity price classification, and puts forward the method to adapt to the classification of different grades. The results show that the number of steps to establish the price of electricity should be combined with the electricity consumption in different places, which fully reflects the household electricity consumption and income level differences; the number of sub-files should be conducive to the realization of the original intention of energy conservation should be based on the principle of fairness and effectiveness The number of specific sub-stalls; the price of ladder electricity should be retained dynamic adjustment of space, should be based on household income, electricity consumption changes and the status of power supply and demand timely adjustments.