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1987～1989年三年试验结果,生育期低位渍水(根际及真叶以下茎)条件下,大豆出现叶片增长受阻变小,色渐变黄;根系渐变褐、腐烂;营养生长期渍水,植株变矮变弱;花荚期渍水造成大量落花落荚;鼓粒期渍水致使百粒重严重下降等灾害性效应,从而大量减产。但是,不同品种大豆还可产生不同的适应性变化。耐涝性较好的品种大豆,经一定时间渍水,浸于水中的茎增粗,增粗部分结构呈海棉状,并发生大量不定根,其生长势很旺盛,发达的不定根,在渍水环境中代替根系而起作用,因此叶片逐渐复绿色,但耐性差的品种,不定根发生能力很弱,适应不了渍水环境而造成全株死亡或严重减产甚至绝产。渍水大豆的产量与其水渍茎增粗的比值及不定根容量呈正相关,其相关系数 r 分别为0.877~(**)和0.881~(**)。也就是说,渍水环境中茎的增粗及不定根的发生生长能力,可做为选择耐涝大豆的形态指标。
From 1987 to 1989 three years of experimental results, low waterlogging during the growth period (stems under the rhizosphere and true leaves), the growth of soybean leaves appear less hindered, color gradually yellow; roots gradually brown, decay; vegetative growth of waterlogging, Plant becomes shorter and weaker; Huapu period of water caused a large number of falling off pod; drum grain water caused serious decline in 100-grain weight and other disastrous effects, resulting in large-scale production. However, different varieties of soybean can also produce different adaptive changes. Waterlogging is better varieties of soybean, after a certain period of waterlogging, soaking in water thickening of the stem, thick part of the structure was sponge-like, and a large number of adventitious roots, the growth potential is very strong, developed adventitious roots, waterlogging The environment instead of the root system to play a role, so the leaves gradually green, but the poor tolerance varieties, adventitious roots are weak, unable to adapt to the waterlogging environment caused by the death of the whole plant or seriously reduce production or even abortion. The correlation between the yield of waterlogged soils and the ratio of stems’ thickening and the adventitious root capacity was r = 0.877 ~ (**) and 0.881 ~ (**), respectively. In other words, thickening of stems in waterlogging environment and adventitious root growth capacity, can be used as morphological indicators to select waterlogging-tolerant soybean.