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In China， the grim employment situation of college graduates has been a hot social issue. According to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security （MOHRSS） of China， there will be 6.99 million college graduates in 2013， with a new increase over last year. Coupled with the unemployed graduates from last year， more pressure falls on the employment situation this year. Rather than joining the competitive recruitment venue， more and more students target at “starting enterprises”， trying to strike gold. However， the road towards starting enterprises is not as smooth as they imagined. Institutions and organizations which provide help and support are also stuck in bottlenecks.
In the end of September 2011， in order to solve the grim employment situation， especially for female graduates， the Women's Development Department of the All-China Women's Federation （ACWF）， the Ministry of Education， the MOHRSS and the China Association of Women Entrepreneurs （CAWE） jointly launched the “Supportive Action for Women Graduates’ Entrepreneurship”. Tailored for promoting female graduates’ development， Hua Mulan Foudation together with other leading groups， jointly provide guidance and support for female graduates’ entrepreneurship. Today， the reporter had a dialogue with Ms. Wang Yue， one of the founders of Hua Mulan Foundation， to discuss the emerging problems and solutions in graduates’ entrepreneurship.
在中国，大学生“就业难”问题已然为一个引人关注的社会热点。根据人社部的资料显示，2013年中国高校毕业生人数将达到699万人，比去年又有新的增加。再加上往届已经毕业没有就业的人员，今年高校毕业生就业压力会进一步加大。比起在招聘会场挤破头，越来越多的大学生将目光放在“创业”上，尝试着凭借自己的知识和努力去成功挖到人生第一桶金。然而，创业的道路并不像他们想象中那样一帆风顺，提供帮助和支持的机构及组织也在实际工作中遭遇种种瓶颈。
2011年9月底，为了解决当前大学生就业难的问题，特别是女大学生就业难的问题，由全国妇联妇女发展部，教育部高校学生司，人力资源和社会保障部就业促进司以及中国女企业家协会共同发起了“女大学生创业扶持行动”。旨在推动女性经济发展的花木兰基金作为特邀支持单位，与发起本次活动的领导团队共同组织实施“女大学生创业支持行动”，为女大学生自主创业提供全方位的指导和支持。日前，本刊记者对话花木兰基金创始人之一王悦女士，一同探讨大学生创业中浮现的问题和解决之道。
UNITY： What problems are female graduates starting enterprises prone to？
Wang Yue： Starting enterprises requires the following elements： staff， fund and projects. And the most important one is experience. Most female graduates are inexperienced， so they are to some extent constrained. Because there is high risk， few are willing to invest in them. Thus， entrepreneurship projects must be selected carefully to help this group. A special entrepreneurship model should be explored to help them starting enterprises smoothly， so they can gain experience and become mature in work.
UNITY：女大学生创业容易出现哪些问题？ 王悦：创业需要的几个必须条件：人员、资金、项目。对创业来说，最重要的就是经验，但女大学生尚未进入社会，恰恰不具备就业经验，人员条件已经有所局限。而且因为风险高，愿意投资的公司极少，资金条件也有限制。所以，要帮助这个特殊群体进行创业，必须精选创业项目。然后探索一条特殊的创业模式，让她们能够平稳地以就业的方式进行创业，在工作中积累经验，逐渐成熟。
UNITY： What conditions should a project require for female graduates in starting enterprises？
Wang Yue： First of all， it should be a successful and mature project. Second， the technical threshold should not be too high. Third， the capital threshold is low. Fourth， it is possible to operate chain businesses. The project meeting the above four conditions are helpful to female graduates’ entrepreneurship.
UNITY：适合女大学生创业的项目应具备哪些条件呢？
王悦：首先，这应该是个有成功先例、成熟的项目。第二，技术门槛不能太高，容易上手掌握。第三，资金门槛低。第四，能够进行连锁复制。符合以上四个条件的项目才有可能成功帮助女大学生创业。
UNITY： You mentioned a special business model， what is it？
Wang Yue： This is the model we’ve worked out during practices when help female graduates.
Project System. We must find a series of projects suitable for female graduates’ entrepreneurship in order to improve their success rate. When these projects are successful and mature， female graduates can join for its chain operation， to reach a win-win situation.
Training System. Based on industry classification and the needs for entrepreneurship， successful entrepreneurs and professional managers are invited to provide practical training so that female graduates can quickly grasp the way of entrepreneurship and business. Hence the success rate can be improved.
Financial System. This includes equity capital investment， bank loans and support from other types of social funds.
Mentor System. Because college graduates are inexperienced， they may encounter various problems during business operations. We need to arrange mentors for their entrepreneurship， providing guidance in business operation， capital management and so on， to form a full range of long-term support.
Starting enterprises is complicated. It involves many aspects of knowledge and ability. Many female graduates lack such qualities. We must help them and provide a complete supporting system.
UNITY：您提到特殊的创业模式，是什么样的呢？
王悦：这是我们在帮助女大学生创业的实际工作中，摸索出的一个模式。
1、项目体系：为了提高女大学生创业的成功率，寻找一系列适合女大学生创业的项目终端。当这些已经成功成熟的项目进行连锁复制时，把女大学生加进去，形成一种双赢的局面。
2、培训体系：根据行业分类和创业终端的需求，邀请成功的企业家及专业的管理人员为女大学生提供实战性强、能够学以致用的培训体系，使女大学生能够快速掌握创业及企业的运营之道，提高她们创业的成功率；
3、资金体系：不仅包括股本金投入，而且包括银行贷款及其他各类社会资金的支持。
4、导师团体系：由于大学生缺乏创业经验，在企业运营过程中会遇到各种问题，需要为她们安排创业后辅导导师，提供企业运营和资金管理等各方面的指导，从而形成全方位的长效支持。
创业其实是很复杂的，涉及到许多层面的知识和能力，很多时候刚刚毕业的女大学生却正欠缺这些素质，所以要帮助她们，就必须提供一个完整的、配套的体系来支持。
UNITY： Do you have some suggestions for female graduates’ entrepreneurship？
Wang Yue： Starting enterprises is harder than taking a job. Making this choice means they need to face more difficulties and work harder. But nowadays， many female graduates are unrealistic towards entrepreneurship. They have the illusion that everything should be smooth and successful. Once they encounter obstacles， they cannot accept it psychologically. Parents would also persuade their children to take a stable job for fearing that they endure hardships. Although this mentality is understandable， over spoiling may hinder their success in entrepreneurship.
UNITY：对于自主创业的女大学生，您有什么建议呢？
王悦：创业本来就比就业要辛苦，选择了这条路就意味着要面对更多困难，付出更多努力。但现在许多女大学生对创业存在一种不切实际的憧憬，幻想一切水到渠成，一旦遇到阻碍，心理上难以承受。家长们也心疼孩子吃苦，劝说女儿转成稳定的工作，虽然这种心态值得理解，但过分溺爱只会妨碍她们创业成功。
In the end of September 2011， in order to solve the grim employment situation， especially for female graduates， the Women's Development Department of the All-China Women's Federation （ACWF）， the Ministry of Education， the MOHRSS and the China Association of Women Entrepreneurs （CAWE） jointly launched the “Supportive Action for Women Graduates’ Entrepreneurship”. Tailored for promoting female graduates’ development， Hua Mulan Foudation together with other leading groups， jointly provide guidance and support for female graduates’ entrepreneurship. Today， the reporter had a dialogue with Ms. Wang Yue， one of the founders of Hua Mulan Foundation， to discuss the emerging problems and solutions in graduates’ entrepreneurship.
在中国，大学生“就业难”问题已然为一个引人关注的社会热点。根据人社部的资料显示，2013年中国高校毕业生人数将达到699万人，比去年又有新的增加。再加上往届已经毕业没有就业的人员，今年高校毕业生就业压力会进一步加大。比起在招聘会场挤破头，越来越多的大学生将目光放在“创业”上，尝试着凭借自己的知识和努力去成功挖到人生第一桶金。然而，创业的道路并不像他们想象中那样一帆风顺，提供帮助和支持的机构及组织也在实际工作中遭遇种种瓶颈。
2011年9月底，为了解决当前大学生就业难的问题，特别是女大学生就业难的问题，由全国妇联妇女发展部，教育部高校学生司，人力资源和社会保障部就业促进司以及中国女企业家协会共同发起了“女大学生创业扶持行动”。旨在推动女性经济发展的花木兰基金作为特邀支持单位，与发起本次活动的领导团队共同组织实施“女大学生创业支持行动”，为女大学生自主创业提供全方位的指导和支持。日前，本刊记者对话花木兰基金创始人之一王悦女士，一同探讨大学生创业中浮现的问题和解决之道。
UNITY： What problems are female graduates starting enterprises prone to？
Wang Yue： Starting enterprises requires the following elements： staff， fund and projects. And the most important one is experience. Most female graduates are inexperienced， so they are to some extent constrained. Because there is high risk， few are willing to invest in them. Thus， entrepreneurship projects must be selected carefully to help this group. A special entrepreneurship model should be explored to help them starting enterprises smoothly， so they can gain experience and become mature in work.
UNITY：女大学生创业容易出现哪些问题？ 王悦：创业需要的几个必须条件：人员、资金、项目。对创业来说，最重要的就是经验，但女大学生尚未进入社会，恰恰不具备就业经验，人员条件已经有所局限。而且因为风险高，愿意投资的公司极少，资金条件也有限制。所以，要帮助这个特殊群体进行创业，必须精选创业项目。然后探索一条特殊的创业模式，让她们能够平稳地以就业的方式进行创业，在工作中积累经验，逐渐成熟。
UNITY： What conditions should a project require for female graduates in starting enterprises？
Wang Yue： First of all， it should be a successful and mature project. Second， the technical threshold should not be too high. Third， the capital threshold is low. Fourth， it is possible to operate chain businesses. The project meeting the above four conditions are helpful to female graduates’ entrepreneurship.
UNITY：适合女大学生创业的项目应具备哪些条件呢？
王悦：首先，这应该是个有成功先例、成熟的项目。第二，技术门槛不能太高，容易上手掌握。第三，资金门槛低。第四，能够进行连锁复制。符合以上四个条件的项目才有可能成功帮助女大学生创业。
UNITY： You mentioned a special business model， what is it？
Wang Yue： This is the model we’ve worked out during practices when help female graduates.
Project System. We must find a series of projects suitable for female graduates’ entrepreneurship in order to improve their success rate. When these projects are successful and mature， female graduates can join for its chain operation， to reach a win-win situation.
Training System. Based on industry classification and the needs for entrepreneurship， successful entrepreneurs and professional managers are invited to provide practical training so that female graduates can quickly grasp the way of entrepreneurship and business. Hence the success rate can be improved.
Financial System. This includes equity capital investment， bank loans and support from other types of social funds.
Mentor System. Because college graduates are inexperienced， they may encounter various problems during business operations. We need to arrange mentors for their entrepreneurship， providing guidance in business operation， capital management and so on， to form a full range of long-term support.
Starting enterprises is complicated. It involves many aspects of knowledge and ability. Many female graduates lack such qualities. We must help them and provide a complete supporting system.
UNITY：您提到特殊的创业模式，是什么样的呢？
王悦：这是我们在帮助女大学生创业的实际工作中，摸索出的一个模式。
1、项目体系：为了提高女大学生创业的成功率，寻找一系列适合女大学生创业的项目终端。当这些已经成功成熟的项目进行连锁复制时，把女大学生加进去，形成一种双赢的局面。
2、培训体系：根据行业分类和创业终端的需求，邀请成功的企业家及专业的管理人员为女大学生提供实战性强、能够学以致用的培训体系，使女大学生能够快速掌握创业及企业的运营之道，提高她们创业的成功率；
3、资金体系：不仅包括股本金投入，而且包括银行贷款及其他各类社会资金的支持。
4、导师团体系：由于大学生缺乏创业经验，在企业运营过程中会遇到各种问题，需要为她们安排创业后辅导导师，提供企业运营和资金管理等各方面的指导，从而形成全方位的长效支持。
创业其实是很复杂的，涉及到许多层面的知识和能力，很多时候刚刚毕业的女大学生却正欠缺这些素质，所以要帮助她们，就必须提供一个完整的、配套的体系来支持。
UNITY： Do you have some suggestions for female graduates’ entrepreneurship？
Wang Yue： Starting enterprises is harder than taking a job. Making this choice means they need to face more difficulties and work harder. But nowadays， many female graduates are unrealistic towards entrepreneurship. They have the illusion that everything should be smooth and successful. Once they encounter obstacles， they cannot accept it psychologically. Parents would also persuade their children to take a stable job for fearing that they endure hardships. Although this mentality is understandable， over spoiling may hinder their success in entrepreneurship.
UNITY：对于自主创业的女大学生，您有什么建议呢？
王悦：创业本来就比就业要辛苦，选择了这条路就意味着要面对更多困难，付出更多努力。但现在许多女大学生对创业存在一种不切实际的憧憬，幻想一切水到渠成，一旦遇到阻碍，心理上难以承受。家长们也心疼孩子吃苦，劝说女儿转成稳定的工作，虽然这种心态值得理解，但过分溺爱只会妨碍她们创业成功。