近年来,货运棚车的技术状态在急剧恶化,主要是地板、侧墙和端墙毁坏严重。与1976年相比,甩扣车辆的数量增加了一倍。根据对斯维尔德洛夫斯克铁路局的调查统计,有90％以上的车辆地板状态不良。巨额的运营支出主要是由车辆的这种技术状态不良造成的。每一辆不适宜装货的棚车多走行70km,就会增加平均日空车走行2.6km。造成地板损毁的主要原因,大都是电动装卸机械和自动装卸机具在作业时造成过高 In recent years, the technical condition of freight box cars has deteriorated sharply, mainly due to the serious damage to the floor, side walls and end walls. Compared with 1976, the number of throttled vehicles doubled. According to a survey of the Sverdlovsk Railway Administration, more than 90% of the vehicles have poor floor conditions. Huge operating expenses are mainly caused by the poor state of the vehicle technology. Each more unfamiliar boxed car more than 70km, it will increase the average daily empty car 2.6km. The main reason for the damage to the floor, mostly electrical loading and unloading machines and automatic loading and unloading equipment caused too high in the operation