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目的：探讨精神分裂症患者攻击行为与血清甲状腺素、睾酮水平的相关性。方法对120例精神分裂症患者采用简明精神病量表评定精神症状，依据既往暴力史及外显攻击行为量表评定攻击行为，将有攻击行为的70例患者设为研究组，无攻击行为的50例患者设为对照组。检测两组促甲状腺激素、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸、血清游离甲状腺素、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸、总甲状腺激素及血清睾酮水平。对检测结果进行对比分析及相关分析。结果研究组血清总三碘甲状腺原氨酸、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．05），促甲状腺激素水平显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）。研究组血清总三碘甲状腺原氨酸水平与外显攻击行为量表中言语攻击、财产攻击因子分呈正相关（P＜0．05），与简明精神病量表中缺乏活力因子分呈负相关（P＜0．05）；血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸与外显攻击行为量表中财产攻击、自身攻击因子分呈正相关（P＜0．05）；男性血清睾酮水平与外显攻击行为量表中言语攻击、自身攻击因子分呈正相关（P＜0．05），与简明精神病量表中缺乏活力因子分呈负相关（P＜0．05）；女性血清睾酮水平与外显攻击行为量表中自身攻击因子分呈正相关（P＜0．05），与简明精神病量表中缺乏活力因子分呈负相关（P＜0．05）。结论精神分裂症患者攻击行为与血清总三碘甲状腺原氨酸、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸水平及血清睾酮水平的变化呈正相关。临床上对伴有攻击行为的精神分裂症患者可定期监测甲状腺激素及睾酮水平进行预测性评估，为早期干预提供依据。“,”Objective To explore the correlation between aggressive behavior and serum thyroxine or tes‐tosterone level in schizophrenic .Methods Mental symptoms of 120 schizophrenics were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and aggressive behaviors with past violence history and Modified O‐vert Aggression Scale (MOAS) ,70 patients with aggressive behaviors assigned to research group ,and 50 ones without to control group .Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) ,serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) , serum free thyroxine (FT4) ,total triiodothyronine (T T3) ,total thyroxine (T T4) and testosterone (Tes‐to) levels were detected .Contrastive and correlation analyses of detection results were conducted .Results TT3 and FT3 levels were significantly higher (P<0 .05) and TSH lower (P<0 .01) in research than in control group .TT3 levels were positively related to verb aggression and aggression against property score of the MOAS (P<0 .05) and negatively to lack of vitality of the BPRS (P<0 .05);FT3 levels were posi‐tively related to aggression against property and self‐aggression (P<0 .05);male serum Testo levels were positively related to verb aggression and self‐aggression (P<0 .05) and negatively to lack of vitality (P<0 .05);female serum Testo levels were positively related to self‐aggression (P<0 .05) and negatively to lack of vitality (P< 0 .05);Conclusion Aggression behaviors of schizophrenics are positively related to T T3 ,FT3 and Testo changes .Predictive evaluations were conducted via regular monitoring of thyroid hormone and Testo levels for the schizophrenics with aggressive behaviors in order to provide basis for early intervention .