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[目的]对华细辛自发自交传粉机制进行研究。[方法]通过野外观察和栽培条件下人工控制试验,对细辛属华细辛的整个开花过程进行了详细的观察,对其传粉机制进行研究。[结果]华细辛是一种以自发自交为主要传粉方式的物种。其花雌性先熟,单花期一般为3~4d,第1天为雌性期,柱头可以接受外来花粉,雄蕊花丝呈90°下弯,花药不开裂;第2及第3天,两轮雄蕊依次上举,花药依次开裂,并与柱头发生自然接触,完成自发自交传粉。人工自交和异交试验证明,华细辛的异交均是可育的,结实率均达到100%。去雄套袋试验表明华细辛不能单性结实,也没有无融合生殖现象。[结论]华细辛是杜衡亚属植物,但是其传粉机制与细辛亚属植物很相似。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the spontaneous self-pollination mechanism of Asarum. [Method] Through the field observation and the artificial control experiment under the cultivation condition, the whole flowering process of asarum was observed in detail and its pollination mechanism was studied. [Result] Asarum was a kind of species that took spontaneous selfing as the main pollination way. The female first flower, single flowering is generally 3 ~ 4d, the first day for the female period, stigma can accept foreign pollen, stamens filaments showed a 90 ° bend, anther not cracking; 2 and 3 days, followed by two rounds of stamens On the move, anther dehiscence followed by natural contact with the stigma, complete spontaneous self-pollination. Artificial selfing and outcrossing experiments showed that the outcrossing of Asarum was both fertile and the seed setting rate was 100%. Bagging test to show that asarum can not be single fruiting, there is no apomixis phenomenon. [Conclusion] Asarum was a species of Mustela, but its pollination mechanism was very similar to Asarum.