炭疽是人类共患的急性传染病。近几年来,畜牧业飞速发展,个体饲养户增加,特别是目前人们饮食构成的改变和对皮毛穿戴装饰的追求,使炭疽病仍不时发生,应引起人们的重视。炭疽病原体为炭疽杆菌。目前已知炭疽杆菌至少有四种抗原物质,即保护性抗原、荚膜抗原、菌体抗原和芽胞抗原。炭疽杆菌致病性与荚膜及炭疽毒素有关。人类炭疽均由动物炭疽直接或间接传播。对炭疽病最敏感的是食草动物,其次是人,再次为肉食动物。对人威胁最大的是大牲畜,羊只死亡常 Anthrax is a human-acquired acute infectious disease. In recent years, the rapid development of animal husbandry, individual raising increased, especially the current changes in the composition of the diet and the pursuit of fur wear decoration, so that anthrax is still occur from time to time, should cause people’s attention. Anthrax pathogen anthrax bacillus. Bacillus anthracis is currently known to have at least four antigenic substances, namely protective antigen, capsular antigen, bacterial antigen and spore antigen. Pathogenic Bacillus anthracis and capsule and anthrax toxin. Human anthrax is transmitted directly or indirectly by animal anthrax. Anthrax is the most sensitive to herbivores, followed by humans, once again a carnivore. The greatest threat to humans is large livestock, sheep die often