尽管社会学家对单位化组织展开了多方面的研究 ,但缺乏对单位化企业的经济性质的研究。本文首先从单位化企业的概念和特征入手 ,旨在厘清“单位化企业”的概念和描述其主要经济特征。然后 ,从企业理论的角度 ,主要从三个方面分析单位化企业的性质 :第一个方面是企业的身份特征 ,相比于科斯意义上的企业 ,单位化企业在市场交易和内部组织上具有强烈的身份治理特征 ,这是长期被企业的契约理论所回避的一个问题 ;第二个方面是企业劳动合约的性质 ,纳尔森 /温特意义上的企业组织进化的“组织程式”是与长期关系合约直接相联系的 ,这是企业内部组织通过管理协调节约交易成本的主要因素 ;第三个方面论述单位化企业中家庭与企业的联结 ,这导致韦伯意义上的官僚科层制度的组织效率难以实现 Although sociologists have conducted many studies on unit organizations, they lack the research on the economic properties of unitary enterprises. This article begins with the concept and characteristics of unitized enterprises, and aims to clarify the concept of “unitized enterprises” and describe its main economic characteristics. Then, from the perspective of business theory, this paper analyzes the nature of the unitized enterprise from three aspects. The first aspect is the identity of the enterprise. Compared with the business in the Coase sense, the unitized enterprise has the characteristics of the market transaction and the internal organization Strong identity governance characteristics, which is a long-term business by the contract theory to avoid a problem; the second aspect is the nature of corporate labor contracts, business organizations Nelson / Winter sense of evolution of the “organizational program” is Long-term relationship between the contract directly linked, which is the internal organization through the management and coordination of the main factors that reduce transaction costs; the third aspect of unitized enterprises in the family and business linkages, which led to Weber's hierarchy of bureaucratic hierarchy Efficiency is difficult to achieve