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对新型实验贝氏体钢轨的力学性能、显微组织进行研究,对比热轧状态和热处理回火状态下钢轨的力学性能和显微组织变化,探讨了该实验钢轨对缺口的敏感性。结果表明,该新型实验贝氏体钢轨在室温下具有很高的抗拉强度和屈服强度,并具有较高塑韧性,缺口敏感性低。热轧和回火的试验贝氏体钢轨显微组织为贝氏体+马氏体-奥氏体岛(B+M-A组织),贝氏体呈针、杆状形态分布,属上贝氏体。300℃回火后钢轨塑韧性有所提高,缺口敏感性降低,组织中M-A组织量减少。
The mechanical properties and microstructure of the new experimental bainitic rail were studied. The mechanical properties and microstructure changes of the rail under hot rolling and heat treatment were compared. The sensitivity of the experimental rail to the notch was also discussed. The results show that the new experimental bainitic rail has high tensile strength and yield strength at room temperature, high plasticity and toughness, and low notch sensitivity. The microstructure of the bainitic rail for hot rolling and tempering was bainite + martensite-austenite (B + MA). The microstructure of bainite was needle-like and rod-like, . After 300 ℃ tempering rail plasticity has increased, reducing the sensitivity of the gap, reduce the organization of M-A.