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【目的】对未通过听力筛查的婴幼儿进行定期听力检查及随访,了解先天性听力损失程度的构成以及康复现状。【方法】对109例未通过听力筛查的婴幼儿采取畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emission,DPOAE)、听性脑干诱发电位(auditory brainstem response,ABR)和声导抗检查方法,进行综合评估和听力学诊断,并随访观察听力障碍婴幼儿的听力变化情况、康复状况。【结果】双耳听力正常76例。双耳或单耳听力异常33例,其中轻中度听力损失24例,重度及极重度听力损失9例。不同程度听力损失的婴幼儿和单耳重度听力损失的婴幼儿言语能力接近同龄儿。随访发现7例轻中度听力损失和2例重度、极重度聋婴幼儿听力有不同程度改善,佩戴助听器是目前聋儿的主要康复手段,效果不佳者未能及时进行人工耳蜗植入。【结论】听力损失婴幼儿经过至少6个月以上跟踪随访,有改善和正常化的趋势;对重度及极重度听力损失的婴幼儿应及早干预,对助听效果不佳者应早期植入人工耳蜗,重视语训康复,降低致残率。
【Objective】 Regular hearing tests and follow-up were conducted on infants and young children who did not pass the hearing screening to understand the constitution of congenital hearing loss and the current situation of rehabilitation. 【Methods】 A total of 109 cases of infants and young children who did not pass the hearing screening were subjected to distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), auditory brainstem response (ABR) and acoustic impedance test Comprehensive assessment and audiological diagnosis, and follow-up observation of hearing-impaired children with hearing changes, rehabilitation status. 【Results】 76 cases of normal hearing of both ears. There were 33 cases of binaural or monaural hearing loss, including 24 cases of mild to moderate hearing loss and 9 cases of severe and severe hearing loss. Infants with different degrees of hearing loss and infants with severe hearing loss in one ear have verbal ability similar to their peers. Follow-up found that 7 cases of mild to moderate hearing loss and 2 cases of severe, very severe deaf infant hearing improvement to varying degrees, wearing hearing aids is currently the main means of rehabilitation of deaf children, poor effect who failed to timely cochlear implantation. 【Conclusion】 Infants with hearing loss follow-up and follow-up for at least 6 months have the tendency to improve and normalize. Infants and young children with severe and severe hearing loss should be intervened as soon as possible. Those with poor hearing aid should be implanted early Cochlea, emphasis on language training, reduce the morbidity.