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稻谷是我国第一大粮食作物,全国有2/3以上的人以食用大米为主。我们日常所见到的大米,是由稻谷脱去内外颖后的果实即糙米被碾去绝大部分米糠层、米胚和糊粉层而呈现的,营养丰富,不但含有大量的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、纤维素,还含有人体需要的各种矿物质和维生素等营养素。大米中蛋白质的含量虽然不高,只有8%—10%,但是与其他谷物蛋白质相比,米蛋白氨基酸组成比较合理,容易被消化,不易造成过敏,也常用作婴儿食品的原料。市面上,外观亮度更高的“精米”(高精度大米)由于含糠少,含其它杂质少,制成的米饭更白,口感一般好于普通大米,但是,由于过度加工,大米的精度高,富含蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和矿物质的米胚和皮层去掉的就多,因此“精米”的营养物质含量,尤其是微量元素的含量要明显低于普通大米。
Rice is the largest food crop in China with more than 2/3 of the country's population mainly consuming rice. The rice we see in our daily life is the result of the unpolluted rice, which is the result of the removal of brown rice from most of the rice bran layer, rice germ and aleurone layer. The nutritious rice contains not only a large amount of protein, fat, Carbohydrates, cellulose, but also contains the human body needs a variety of minerals and vitamins and other nutrients. Although the protein content of rice is not high, only 8% -10%, but compared with other cereal proteins, rice protein amino acid composition is relatively reasonable, easily digested, not easy to cause allergies, but also commonly used as baby food raw materials. In the market, the brightness of rice “rice ” (high-precision rice) is less white and contains less impurities. The cooked rice is whiter and the taste is generally better than ordinary rice. However, due to over-processing, High precision, rich in protein, fat, vitamins and minerals in the rice embryo and cortex to remove more, so “rice ” nutrient content, especially trace elements content was significantly lower than ordinary rice.