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“营业自由”语词虽是从日语“回归”于汉语,但中国近代宪法中的营业自由权却源于美法等国宪法。“营业自由”语词在中国近代宪法中的表述互有不同,但本质内涵基本相似。营业自由权对近代中国市场经济的发展产生了实效。但营业自由权不是绝对的自由权,中国近代宪法对人民的营业自由权之行使加以了限制。为了人民的经济自由和当下中国市场经济的进一步发展,应重拾营业自由权的价值并将其引入当代中国宪法中。
Although the words “business freedom” are from Japanese to “return” to Chinese, the freedom of business in the modern Chinese constitution stems from the constitution of the United States and other countries. The words of “business freedom” are different from each other in modern Chinese constitution, but the essential connotations are similar. The right to business freedom has had an effect on the development of the market economy in modern China. However, the right to business freedom is not an absolute right of freedom. The modern Chinese constitution has imposed restrictions on the exercise of the people’s freedom of business. For the sake of people’s economic freedom and the further development of the present market economy in China, the value of the right to freedom of business should be restored and brought into the contemporary Chinese constitution.