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铀矿山和铀工厂既存在普通矿冶工业的危害,又存在放射性危害,如放射性矿尘、氡和氡子体、γ外照射以及表面放射性沾污等。铀矿山主要防护对象是大气中的氡和氡子体,而铀选冶厂主要防护对象则是破碎系统的粉尘。根据铀矿冶系统二十多年的生产实践,文章提出了十五项防护措施。主要内容是:提高矿冶工艺机械化、自动化水平,减少工人的手工劳动,尽量避免人体与有害物质直接接触;加强通风排氡措施,选择合理的通风方式,建立完整的通风系统,充分发挥风墙、风幕、风门、风桥等设施的作用,及时密闭废弃巷道和采空区;喷涂防氡保护层,以及应用超高压静电技术等。
Uranium mines and uranium mills not only have the harm of ordinary mining and metallurgy industries but also have radioactive hazards such as radioactive dust, radon and radon progeny, γ external radiation and surface radioactive contamination. The main target of protection for uranium mines is radon and radon progeny in the atmosphere, while the main protective target of uranium mines and mines is the dust of the crushing system. According to the uranium mining system more than 20 years of production practice, the article proposed fifteen protective measures. The main contents are as follows: improving the mechanization and automation level of the mining and metallurgy process, reducing the manual labor of workers and avoiding the direct contact between the human body and harmful substances as much as possible; strengthening the measures of ventilation and radon discharge, choosing reasonable ventilation methods, establishing a complete ventilation system and giving full play to the wind wall , Wind screen, throttle, wind bridge and other facilities, the timely closure of abandoned roadway and goaf; spraying radon protective layer, and the application of ultra-high voltage electrostatic technology.