介绍了一种新型齿形结构的牙轮钻头———盘式钻头的结构特点、破岩机理以及国外（特别是前苏联）在盘式钻头方面所做的工作，包括破岩机理方面的研究、实验室和现场试验工作及其在生产实际中的使用情况。对盘式钻头的研究现状及其在目前生产中推广应用所存在的问题作了简要介绍。并对开展盘式钻头进一步研究的可行性和具体研究方向作了详细阐述。同时对开展盘式钻头研究的重要意义及盘式钻头将在我国石油勘探开发中的作用及应用前景作了阐述。 This paper introduces the structure of a new type of cone-shaped roller cone drill bit, the mechanism of rock breaking and the work done by foreign countries (especially the former Soviet Union) on the disk drill, including the research on rock breaking mechanism , Laboratory and field test work and their use in production practice. The status quo of the disc drill bit and its application in the current production problems are briefly introduced. The feasibility and specific research direction of further research on disc drill bit are elaborated. At the same time, the significance of the research on the disk drill bit and the role and application prospect of the disk drill bit in the petroleum exploration and development of our country are also described.