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目的了解合肥市疫源地健康者肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)抗体水平和隐性感染的风险因素,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法采集246名≥3岁疫源地健康者血样,用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测HFRS的Ig G抗体。采用自行设计调查表问卷调查226名成人,其隐性感染的风险因素采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 246名健康者,抗体阳性率为13.01%,抗体几何平均滴度(geometric mean of antibody titer,GMT)为1∶25.20。年龄和地区间阳性率和GMT差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。性别和职业类型阳性率和GMT差异无统计学意义(均有P>0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,近1月昆虫叮咬史(OR=4.70,95%CI:1.25~17.77)、40~59岁人群(OR=3.50,95%CI:1.02~11.95)、近1月鼠类接触史(OR=3.39,95%CI:1.44~8.02)、近1月食用鼠排泄物污染的食物(OR=2.90,95%CI:1.24~6.80)是其危险因素。结论本次研究为HFRS防控工作提供了基线资料和依据。灭鼠防鼠是防控HFRS的首选措施,加强健康教育,定期开展抗体水平检测,有助于HFRS疫情的及时判断。
Objective To understand the antibody level of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the risk factors of latent infection in healthy subjects in Hefei City, and to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of prevention and treatment measures. Methods A total of 246 blood samples from healthy people aged ≥ 3 years were collected by multistage sampling. The Ig G antibodies of HFRS were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 226 self-designed questionnaires were used to survey the risk factors of latent infection using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Among 246 healthy controls, the positive rate of antibody was 13.01%, and the geometric mean of antibody titer (GMT) was 1:25.20. There were significant differences in the positive rates of age and region and GMT (both P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of genders and occupations and GMT (both P> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the incidences of insect bites (OR = 4.70, 95% CI: 1.25-17.17), 40-59 years old (OR = 3.50,95% CI: 1.02-11.95) Exposure history (OR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.44-8.02) was associated with risk of food contaminated with rat faeces (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.24-6.80) in the last January. Conclusion This study provides the baseline information and basis for the prevention and control of HFRS. Rodenticide prevention is the first choice for prevention and control of HFRS, strengthen health education, carry out regular antibody level detection, contribute to the timely determination of HFRS epidemic.