近百年来,垄断一直是经济学家最热衷讨论的话题之一。垄断即指一家或少数几家企业完全占据了某一市场,从而可以随心所欲地制定高价,歧视销售,强迫消费者接受垄断价格。垄断的成因和表现十分复杂,但注册和经营统一的品牌,拥有一个容易辨识的Logo,往往是垄断的前提条件。比如我们每天在菜场上买菜,不管蔬菜如何 For nearly a century, monopolies have been one of the most talked-about economists. A monopoly means that one or a few companies have completely taken possession of a market so that they can arbitrarily set high prices, discriminate against sales, and force consumers to accept monopoly prices. The causes and performance of monopoly are very complicated, but the registration and management of a unified brand, with an easily identifiable Logo, is often the precondition for monopoly. For example, we buy vegetables every day in the market, regardless of vegetables