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本文在对已有研究进行梳理的基础上,构建了对外汉语口语教学语法大纲的体系框架。指出口语语法体系包括结构范畴语法、情态范畴语法和话语范畴语法,并具体论述了三大范畴各自所下辖的语法项目。文章认为,口语语法的本质特征是与口语表达功能密不可分的,口语语法体系的建立应以功能作为统领之纲。在研制口语教学语法大纲时,还应考虑到词汇—语法项目、口语次语体、体系内语法项目与备用语法项目、参考语法等问题。在对语法项目进行分级安排时,至少要考虑三个因素:使用频率、参与到句法结构中所表现出的难易程度以及通用度。
On the basis of reviewing the existing researches, this paper constructs the system framework of the grammar of oral Chinese for foreigners. It points out that the grammatical system of colloquialisms includes grammar of category of structure, modality of modality and grammar of category of discourse, and discusses syntactic items under the jurisdiction of three categories. The article holds that the essential characteristic of spoken grammar is inextricably linked with the function of spoken expression. The establishment of spoken grammar system should take function as the guiding principle. When developing a syllabus for oral English teaching, we should also consider such issues as vocabulary-grammar projects, colloquialisms, grammar projects and alternative grammar projects in the system, and reference grammar. There are at least three factors to consider when grading grammar items: frequency of use, ease of participation in the syntactic structure, and generality.