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本文主要阐述了公差与配合的正确选择,对机器的使用性能和制造成本的影响。在确定公差配合时,应根据机器的设计要求和它们的实质去确定适当的配合、公差等级和基准制。在选择时应考虑:1.热变形的影响。由于装配温度和工作温度不同,应对装配间隙进行修订。2.装配变形问题。因为影响因素较多,情况复杂,应采取技术措施消除其影响。3.尺寸分布特性。由生产规模不同,其分布特性不同,特别是过渡配合和小间隙配合更为敏感,4.精度储备问题。为了保持机器良好的工作性能,延长机器的使用寿命,提高其使用价值,需要建立“精度储备”。在选择时,应考虑适当的改变其间隙值。当然,必须保证正常工作为前提。
This paper describes the correct choice of tolerance and cooperation, the use of the machine performance and manufacturing costs. In determining the tolerance with the machine should be based on the design requirements and their nature to determine the appropriate fit, tolerance level and the benchmarking system. In the selection should be considered: 1. The impact of thermal deformation. Due to different assembly temperature and working temperature, the assembly gap should be revised. 2. Assembly deformation problems. Because of the more influential factors and the complex situation, technical measures should be taken to eliminate its influence. 3. Size distribution characteristics. From the different scale of production, the distribution of different characteristics, especially with the transition fit and small gap with more sensitive, 4. Accuracy reserve problem. In order to maintain a good working performance of the machine, extend the service life of the machine, and increase its use value, a “precision reserve” needs to be established. In the choice, should consider appropriate changes in the gap value. Of course, the normal work must be guaranteed.