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本文应用压溃理论提出了同时考虑残余应力、初弯曲和初偏心影响,用数值积分法求柱的变形曲线,进而求柱的荷载——侧移曲线,从而得到柱极限承载力的计算方法。本文还对口144×8焊接方管柱,利用实测残余应力数值及其分布、实测的初弯曲值、以及间接测定的初偏心值,应用这一理论方法求得其理论承载力,并和柱的实验结果进行了对比。六根柱的对比结果表明,柱承载力的理论值与实验值的偏离不超过±3.2％,说明这一方法是精确的。本文最后应用这一理论方法,利用对口84×6、口144×8、口194×12三种焊接方管的实测残余应力数值及其分布,考虑1/1000的初弯曲率和初偏心为零用电算得到的三条柱曲线的下包络线,并在λ<0.4的范围内考虑了应变硬化的影响,提出了适用于焊接方管类型柱的建议极限强度曲线.
In this paper, the theory of crushing is proposed to consider the effects of residual stress, initial bending and initial eccentricity simultaneously. The deformation curve of the column is obtained by the numerical integration method, and then the load-side displacement curve of the column is obtained to obtain the calculation method of the ultimate bearing capacity of the column. This paper also uses the theoretical method to calculate the theoretical bearing capacity of the 144×8 welded square pipe string, using the measured residual stress value and its distribution, the measured initial bending value, and the indirect measured initial eccentricity value. The experimental results are compared. The comparison of the six columns shows that the theoretical value of the bearing capacity of the column does not deviate by more than ±3.2% from the experimental value, indicating that this method is accurate. In the end, this paper applied the theoretical method and used the measured residual stress values and distributions of the three welding square pipes of the 84×6, 144×8 and 194×12 counterparts, taking into account the 1/1000 initial bending rate and the initial eccentricity of zero. The lower envelopes of the three column curves obtained by calculation were used, and the effect of strain hardening was considered in the range of λ<0.4, and the recommended ultimate strength curve suitable for welding square tube type columns was proposed.