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作者在这篇文章中承袭了凯恩斯的反动就业理论,把当前英国严重的失业问题说成仅仅是“充分就业的美中不足现象”,是一种“残余失业”。在他看来,这种“残余失业”部分是由于“摩擦性的”或“自愿的”原因造成,部分则由于“工人缺乏工作技能”,而“缺乏工作技能”又认为主要是“个人原因”,甚至连“犯罪记录”、“肤色”等等也包括在内;并公然站在资本家立场,认为这些“缺乏工作技能”的工人是“绝对难于被雇佣的人”。这种荒谬说法分明是为了掩盖资本主义制度下失业的真正原因——即由于资本有机构成的提高,造成了相对过剩人口,使大量工人失业;他把失业归咎于失业工人的所谓“个人原因”,显然是为资本主义制度开脱罪责,替资本家任意解雇工人制造借口。作者一方面怀疑用增加有效需求的办法来减少“残余失业”的效果,另方面又建议采取同特殊失业直接联系的政策来“解决”英国失业问题,这是枉费心机。资本主义社会大量失业现象的存在,不但是资本主义制度所不可避免的产物,而且是资本主义生产方式所赖以生存和发展的必要条件。企图在资本主义制度不改变的情况下消灭失业,不管采取哪种办法,都只是幻想。
In this article, the author inherited Keynes’s reactionary employment theory. He described the current serious unemployment problem in Britain as merely “a flawed issue of full employment,” and as a “residual unemployment.” In his view, this “residual jobless” part is due to “frictional” or “voluntary” causes, partly due to “workers lacking job skills” and “lack of job skills” and mainly “personal reasons ”And even“ criminal record ”,“ skin color ”and so on are also included; and blatantly stand on the capitalist standpoint, thinking that these“ unskilled workers ”are“ absolutely hard-of-hired ”people. This absurd argument is obviously intended to cover up the real cause of unemployment under the capitalist system - that is, due to the increase in the organic composition of capital, a relatively surplus population has resulted in the loss of a large number of workers. He blames unemployment for so-called “personal reasons” for unemployed workers, Apparently excused the capitalist system and created excuses for any layman’s dismissal by capitalists. On the one hand, the author doubts the effectiveness of “residual unemployment” by increasing effective demand. On the other hand, he suggests that it is a wasteful effort to “solve” the unemployment problem in Britain by adopting a policy of direct contact with special unemployment. The existence of massive unemployment in capitalist society is not only an inevitable outcome of the capitalist system, but also a necessary condition for the survival and development of the capitalist mode of production. Attempting to eliminate unemployment without changing the capitalist system is no more than an illusion.