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电势用来描述电场能的性质,由不同位置的电势可以得到两个位置的电势差,进而可以得出某一过程的电场力的功,从而与电能的转化联系在一起.而判断电势的高低是我们在电学习题中常见的题型,从解答情况来看,学生对此类问题措手无策,得分偏低.针对此种情况,笔者对判断电场中电势高低的一些方法予以总结.一、据电势的定义判断在电场中某一点电荷的电势能ε跟它的电荷量q的比值,叫做这一点的电势,即φ=ε/q.由此可以判断电势的高低.
Potential is used to describe the nature of the electric field energy, the potential difference between the two positions can be obtained from the potential of different positions, and then the work of the electric field force of a certain process can be drawn, and thus with the conversion of electric energy. Our common questions in the electrical exercises, from the solution situation, the students are caught in the cold at such measures, scoring low.In view of this situation, the author of some of the methods to judge the electric potential in the electric field to be summarized.According to Definition of Potential The ratio of the potential energy ε of a charge at a certain point in the electric field to its charge q, called the potential at this point, φ = ε / q, determines the level of the potential.