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冰岛的名称原意是“冰的陆地”,中文意译为“冰岛”。说起冰岛,人们马上会想到它是一片冰雪世界。冰岛确实是个多冰川的国家,全国1/5以上的土地为终年不化的冰原。冰岛全国3/4地区是海拔400-800米的高原。第四纪冰期,冰岛曾经全部被白茫茫的冰川所覆盖。中央地区从东往西,至今还横亘着三个大冰原,把国土分为南北两部分。境内有许多冰川(冰河),比较大的冰川有7条,岛东南部最大的瓦特纳冰原面积8000多平方千米,厚度有1000多米,是欧洲最大的冰川。全岛大约有11.5%的土地有冰雪覆盖。那些冰川覆盖的地区,人迹稀少,气温很低。
The name of Iceland was originally intended to be “ice land” and the Chinese translation was “Iceland.” Speaking of Iceland, people immediately think of it as a world of ice and snow. Iceland is indeed a country with many glaciers, and more than one-fifth of the country’s land is ice that has not been transformed for years. The national 3/4 area of Iceland is a plateau 400-800 meters above sea level. During the Quaternary Ice Age, Iceland was once covered by daylight glaciers. From the east to the west of the central region, there are still three large ice fields, dividing the country into two parts: the north and the south. There are many glaciers (glaciers) in the territory. There are 7 relatively large glaciers. The largest Vatnajökull in the southeastern part of the island covers an area of more than 8,000 square kilometers and is more than 1,000 meters thick. It is the largest glacier in Europe. About 11.5% of the island’s land is covered with snow and ice. Those areas covered by glaciers are sparsely populated with low temperatures.