什么是单克隆抗体当异物进入或被注入脊椎动物后,免疫应答的一种方式就是由浆细胞分泌抗体。抗体是免疫球蛋白分子,它具有能够识别外来物质或抗原表面上特异决定簇形状的位点,并能与之结合。抗体和抗原结合后,在诱导过程中能中和以至消灭外来物质。抗体除在免疫反应中具有这种基本功能外,长期以来,也是许多研究者的一个重要工具。人们利用抗体这种特性去鉴定或标记特殊分子和细胞,并使之从混合物中分离出来。抗体对某一类抗原的免疫应答是高度异质性的。在鼠和人的脾脏中,据说有成百万不同的 B 淋巴细胞系,即浆细胞的前体。所有这些 B 细胞都起源于一个共同的干细胞,而每一个 B 细胞系都能制造识别不同抗原决定 What is a Monoclonal Antibody? One way that an immune response is when a foreign substance enters or is injected into a vertebrate is to secrete antibodies by plasma cells. Antibodies are immunoglobulin molecules that have, and can bind to, sites that recognize the shape of specific determinants on foreign substances or antigens. Antibodies and antigens in the induction process can neutralize and even eliminate foreign substances. In addition to having this basic function in the immune response, antibodies have long been an important tool for many investigators. Antibodies are used to identify or label specific molecules and cells and to separate them from the mixture. Antibodies to a class of antigens immune response is highly heterogeneous. In murine and human spleens, there are said to be millions of different B lymphocyte lines, precursors of plasma cells. All of these B cells originate from a common stem cell, and each B cell line can make a vaccine that recognizes different antigens