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超材料吸收器由金属谐振腔、电介质层和金属底层平面这3部分组成。利用阻抗匹配原理或多次反射干涉理论可以定性或定量地解释超材料结构对入射的电磁波在某一共振吸收峰出现完美吸收的原因。然而,当超材料的结构参数一旦确定,就只能在特定的共振频率产生完美吸收。因此,如何调制超材料吸收器的吸收频率以及吸收强度引起了人们的广泛关注。近些年来,本课题组研究了如何实现超材料吸收器的动态调制。在此基础之上,综述几种可以有效地调制太赫兹超材料吸收的方法,包括改变中间电介质层的厚度、调节金属底层平面的电导率或在金属谐振腔的开口处添加光敏半导体材料,并对太赫兹超材料的吸收调制的发展前景进行了展望。
Metamaterial absorber consists of a metal resonator, a dielectric layer and a metal bottom plane. Impedance matching theory or multiple reflection interference theory can qualitatively or quantitatively explain the structure of the metamaterial incident electromagnetic wave in a resonance absorption peak appear perfect absorption reasons. However, once the metamaterial’s structural parameters are determined, it can only produce perfect absorption at a particular resonant frequency. Therefore, how to modulate the absorption frequency and absorption intensity of metamaterial absorber has aroused people’s attention. In recent years, our group has studied how to realize the dynamic modulation of metamaterial absorber. Based on this, several methods to modulate the absorption of THz metamaterials are summarized. These methods include changing the thickness of the intermediate dielectric layer, adjusting the conductivity of the metal base plane or adding photosensitive semiconductor material to the opening of the metal resonator The prospect of the modulation modulation in THz metamaterials is prospected.