何谓“教学目标”?美国心理学家和教育家布鲁姆指出:“目标是指明确阐述希望通过教育过程使学生改变其思维、感情和行动的方式”。他将教育目标分成三个领域:认知领域、情感领域和精神运动领域。布鲁姆把认知领域的目标从低到高又分为识记、理解、应用、分析、综合和评价六个层次的学习水平。“教学目标”不同于“教学目的”。教学参考书中的教学目的只体现了教师的主观愿望,学生在学习过程中往往处于被动地位,抓不住教材的重点、难点。而“教学目标”则能体现对不同层次的学生,在不同的学习阶段掌握学习知识的程度和能力发展水平的要求,根据大纲 What is a “teaching goal?” Broome, a psychologist and educator in the United States, pointed out: “The goal is to explicitly state the ways in which students want to change their thinking, feelings and actions through the educational process.” He divided educational goals into three areas: cognitive, emotional, and spiritual. Bloom from low to high awareness of the field is divided into recognition, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation of the six levels of learning. “Teaching objectives” is different from “teaching purposes.” The teaching purpose in the teaching reference book only reflects the teacher’s subjective desire. Students are often in a passive position during the learning process, and can not grasp the key and difficult points of the textbook. The “teaching goal” can reflect the different levels of students in different stages of learning to master the level of knowledge and ability to develop the level of requirements, according to outline