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我们居住的房屋是一个人造空间,建造它的目的是为了与大自然空间隔离开来,便于我们的工作和生活,也避免了住露天之下遭受日晒雨淋、风欺雪压之苦,以策安全。对这个人造空间——房屋,在使用过程中,会受到外界各种重量(风力、雪重、水压力、人和物的重量以及它本身的重量)的作用。房屋在使用中必须要保证其正常的形状不变,并将所受的重量通过梁、板、墙、柱等结构构件传到地基上去。这些结构构件及其组成统称房屋结构。
The house we live in is a man-made space. The purpose of building it is to isolate itself from the natural space, to facilitate our work and life, to avoid being exposed to the sun and the rain under the open air, In order to policy security. The man-made space, the house, is affected by the weight of the environment (wind, snow, water pressure, the weight of people and things and its own weight) during use. In the use of the house, its normal shape must be guaranteed and its weight transmitted to the foundation through structural members such as beams, slabs, walls and columns. These structural members and their composition are collectively referred to as the structure of the house.