青光眼具有高眼压、视野缺损及视乳头的凹陷和萎缩,这三特征提出至今已一百余年。其中对眼压的测量及其正确性早已得到确认。对视野的测定,虽然受到一定的主观因素所局限,但也有了较仔细而有效的测定方法和设备。而对视乳头的变化,虽然早在1923年Pickard就提出了视乳头的描绘方法,并强调了对其立体结构的重视,他与Fuchs认为视乳头的位置、形状、大小及其颞侧缘情况、筛板孔的显露等是一些重要因素,但对其变化的充分认识,尤其是在开角 Glaucoma with high intraocular pressure, visual field defects and optic disc depression and atrophy, these three features have been proposed for more than a hundred years. One of the measurement of intraocular pressure and its accuracy has long been confirmed. The determination of visual field, although subject to certain subjective factors, but also has a more careful and effective measurement methods and equipment. As for the change of papilla, Pickard proposed the method of depiction of papilla as early as 1923, emphasizing the importance of the three-dimensional structure. He and Fuchs think that the position, shape, size and temporal side of the papilla , The exposure of sieve plate hole is some important factors, but a full understanding of its changes, especially in the open angle