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目的:通过测量颧根与侧颅底各重要结构间的距离关系,为临床侧颅底外科手术治疗提供定位参考。方法:取成人颅骨标本50例(去颅盖标本8例,整颅42例)100侧,用游标卡尺、圆规和直尺测量颧根与侧颅底重要结构的距离。结果:实验测得左右侧颧根与外耳门前缘中点、乳突尖、茎突、翼突外侧板根部、舌下神经管外口、茎乳孔、颈静脉孔外缘、颈动脉管外口后缘、棘孔、卵圆孔、破裂孔的距离分别为22.30±2.84mm和22.02±3.27mm、40.37±3.21mm和40.56±3.54mm、32.53±2.78mm和32.92±2.68mm、35.13±3.14mm和35.19±2.74mm、49.29±2.88mm和48.98±2.87mm、32.92±2.44mm和33.05±2.61mm、35.15±2.86mm和34.68±3.13mm、33.17±2.78mm和33.17±2.72mm、28.83±2.62mm和28.68±2.63mm、31.15±2.76mm和31.49±2.73mm、43.67±3.32mm和44.15±3.02mm,左右侧数据无差异(P>0.05)。结论:颧根可以作为侧颅底外科手术的定位标志,为直视条件下经颞下等入路的侧颅底外科手术提供解剖学依据。
OBJECTIVE: To provide a reference for the clinical treatment of lateral skull base surgery by measuring the relationship between the zygomatic root and the major structures of the skull base. Methods: Fifty adult skull specimens (8 skull cap specimens, 42 skull specimens) were taken from 100 adult skull specimens. The distances between the zygomatic roots and the important structures of the skull base were measured by calipers, compasses and rulers. RESULTS: The left and right zygomatic roots and the midpoint of the anterior ear border, the mastoid tip, the styloid process, the lateral root of the wing, the outer hypoglossal canal mouth, the stylomastoid foramina, the margin of the jugular foramen, the carotid artery The distance between the posterior border of the external orifice, the foramen ovale, the foramen ovale and the foramen ovale was 22.30 ± 2.84mm and 22.02 ± 3.27mm, 40.37 ± 3.21mm and 40.56 ± 3.54mm, 32.53 ± 2.78mm and 32.92 ± 2.68mm, 35.13 ± 3.14mm and 35.19 ± 2.74mm, 49.29 ± 2.88mm and 48.98 ± 2.87mm, 32.92 ± 2.44mm and 33.05 ± 2.61mm, 35.15 ± 2.86mm and 34.68 ± 3.13mm, 33.17 ± 2.78mm and 33.17 ± 2.72mm, 28.83 ± 2.62mm and 28.68 ± 2.63mm, 31.15 ± 2.76mm and 31.49 ± 2.73mm, 43.67 ± 3.32mm and 44.15 ± 3.02mm respectively. There was no significant difference between the left and right sides (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The zygomatic root can be used as a landmark of lateral skull base surgery to provide an anatomical basis for lateral skull base surgery under direct subtemporal approach.