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目的了解北京市海淀区流行性出血热发病情况及流行特征,为预防控制流行性出血热提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学的研究方法对2008-2012年海淀区流行性出血热疫情监测情况进行分析。结果 2008-2012年海淀区报告流行性出血热病例12例,无死亡病例报告,年报告率分别为0.04/10万、0、0.04/10万、0.15/10万和0.15/10万,在全区约一半的街道均有病例的发生,呈散发态势,但某村出现了家庭聚集病例,发病的街乡主要集中在城乡结合部。主要在春季发病,3-5月发病9例,占75%(9/12)。男性多于女性,男女性别比3∶1,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发病以青壮年为主,20-50岁年龄组发病10例,占总病例数83.3%(10/12)。发病人群以农民、民工、无固定职业为主,文化层次较低。结论 2008-2012年海淀区流行性出血热发病以散发为主,但近几年呈现升高趋势,应加强灭鼠防鼠相关工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Haidian District, Beijing, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Haidian District from 2008 to 2012. Results 12 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever were reported in Haidian District from 2008 to 2012, and no deaths were reported. The annual report rates were 0.04 / 100,000, 0,0.04 / 100,000, 0.15 / 100,000 and 0.15 / 100,000 respectively. About half of the streets in the district have cases that are exuded, but there is a case of family aggregation in a village. The incidence of street towns mainly concentrates on the combination of urban and rural areas. Mainly in the spring onset, 9 cases of onset from March to May, accounting for 75% (9/12). There were more males than females with a sex ratio of 3: 1, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Incidence of young and middle-aged, 20-50 years of age group of 10 cases, accounting for 83.3% of the total number of cases (10/12). The incidence of peasants, migrant workers, no fixed-based, low level of culture. Conclusion The incidence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Haidian District in 2008-2012 is mainly distributed but has been increasing in recent years. Rodent control should be strengthened.