砚是我国传统的文书工具和工艺美术品,它以其独具的神韵和风采,精美的艺术造型,被誉为文房四宝之首。历代砚台以其不同的形制,不同的材料、质地,不同的种类和丰富的文化内涵,构成了其鲜明的时代特征。现就西安碑林博物馆收藏的几方石砚,简单谈谈我国石砚的产生、发展与变化。圆形石砚(图一),西汉,1965年本馆征集,甘肃境内出土。砚呈圆饼形,直径15厘米,厚2厘米,附研石一枚。研石上细下粗,底面径4.2厘米,顶径3.2厘米,高3.5厘米。砚 Inkstone is our traditional paperwork tools and arts and crafts, with its unique charm and style, exquisite art style, known as the first four treasures. With its different shapes and different materials, textures, different types and rich cultural connotations, ancient ink stone poses its distinctive characteristics of the times. Now on the Stone Forest in Xi’an Beilin Museum collection, a brief talk about China’s birth, development and changes. Round Shi Yan (Figure 1), Western Han Dynasty, collected in 1965, the main museum, unearthed in Gansu. Yan was round pie shape, diameter 15 cm, 2 cm thick, with a stone. Fine rough on the stone, the bottom diameter of 4.2 cm, the top diameter of 3.2 cm, 3.5 cm high. Inkstone