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合成化学作为古老的学科之一,曾经是自然科学的重要领域和支撑点.随着现代合成、分析和仪器的进步,特别是随着合成化学的不断发展及其在生物化学、材料化学等领域的应用不断深入,人们关心的重点已经从早期的合成目的逐渐过渡到更加贴近生活的应用领域.例如所合成的分子用于医疗和特殊材料领域时,人们看到的往往是这些分子表现出来的特性和作用,因为这更加直观,而其背后的分子基础和制备这些分子的艺术却在有意无意之间被逐渐淡化.另外,由于合成化学自身的发展促使各种新颖的方法学不断被开发出来,设计巧妙的原子经济、氧化还原经济、无保护基等策略的应用,使得针对特定分子的合成的相对难度在不断的降低,甚至有人认为“没有合成不了的分子”.理性合成的化学学科似乎已经发展到了极限,然而真相究竟如何?究竟是否存在合理化学合成的极限?这是Science提出的125个科学前沿问题之一.本文试图从合理化学合成的历史、近期发展等角度探讨这一问题的内涵.
Synthetic chemistry, as one of the oldest disciplines, used to be an important field and support point of natural science.With the progress of modern synthesis, analysis and instrumentation, especially with the continuous development of synthetic chemistry and its applications in the fields of biochemistry and materials chemistry , The focus of attention has gradually shifted from the early synthesis of the purpose of life to more applications.For example, the synthesis of molecules used in medical and special materials field, people often see these molecules appear Characteristics and functions of the synthetic chemistry as it is more intuitive and the molecular basis behind it and the art of preparing the molecules are diminished intentionally or unintentionally.In addition, as new developments in synthetic chemistry have led to the development of novel methodologies , Cleverly designed atomic economy, redox economy, unprotected groups and other strategies, making the relative difficulty of the synthesis of specific molecules in the continuous decline, and even some people think "The synthesis of the rational chemistry Disciplines seem to have developed to the limit, however, what is the truth? After all, is there a reasonable chemistry The limit? This is one of Science presented 125 Scientific Issues paper attempts from legitimate chemical synthesis of history, the recent development perspectives to explore the connotation of this issue.